Northern English - GRAEME TROUSDALE

Question 1

Many northerners are…?

Answer 1

Multilinguals

e.g. a community language at home

Question 2

Speakers who vary language even when context and participants remain the same

Answer 2

BEN RAMPTON
e.g. Teenagers from Preston showing English, Urdu, Bengali and other languages in informal talk
PATTERNS OF CROSSING - regular feature of multilinguals in the North - establishing identity

Question 3

Project aspects of identity by drawing on English they know

Answer 3

e.g. Newcastle speaker:
‘House’ (diphthong) instead of ‘hoose’ (monothong) - but ‘bath’ and ‘dance’ with low front vowel instead of low back vowel (south)

Question 4

Example of ‘drawing on English they know’ demonstrates:

Answer 4

LOCAL AND SUPRALOCAL POLES:

• This person is in the middle of this cline
• Perceived as having a ‘General Northern’ accent instead of a localised variety

Question 5

Categorising and Stereotyping

Answer 5

Human’s naturally categorise based on perception - built on a social category of experience (encounters with northerners)

Question 6

Media influences (personalities)

Answer 6

Family from the North, Ant and Dec, Steven Gerrard interview etc. Northern English is a state of mind - mental make-up built on stereotypes

Question 7

Prejudice and Comedy

Answer 7

e. g. Monty Python sketch
- Northerners in white tuxedos drinking wine - Northern dialect (“aye”) - comparing who has had a harder upbringing - comedy in juxtapositions and stereotype of the hard life of the North

Question 8

Cultural norms of the British media

Answer 8

Northerners as ‘other’s
METEROCENTRIC (cities)
AUSTROCENTRIC (south)