Northern Earls

Question 1

Political(3)

Answer 1

1) Appointment of key outsiders to key posts up North
2) Council of North run by an outside - Thomas Radcliffe (Earl of Sussex)
3) Appointments extended royal control

Question 2

Economic(3)

Answer 2

1) Appointment of key rivals to key positions - limited their income
2) Both Earls borrowed £80 from Sir George Bowes in 1568
3) Northumberland tried claiming compensation to a copper mine that was on his estate - Crown refused

Question 3

Religious(3)

Answer 3

1) Earls were openly catholic - 1559 Settlement and Thirty-Nine Articles 1563
2) Made the North more moderate
3) Relations with Spain deteriorated leading to the appointment of hard line protestants - strict control up North

Question 4

Duration

Answer 4

1 year (1569-70)

Question 5

Extent of Support

Answer 5

Lack of widespread support. Catholic nobles believed rebellion too risky. Earl of Derby remained loyal to the crown. Only attracted 5000 rebels. Lack of international support - no support from foreign powers. Philip did not send troops - reluctant to help Mary. Lack of legitimacy because Elizabeth wasn’t excommunicated at the time.

Question 6

Leadership

Answer 6

Earl of Northumberland
Earl of Westmoreland
Leadership lacked co-ordination - Northumberland required convincing.

Question 7

Regions affected

Answer 7

Durham, Barnard Castle

Question 8

Executions

Answer 8

700 rebels executed

Question 9

Outcomes

Answer 9

Re-organisation of the council of the North - appointed a Puritan - became more strict

Question 10

Level of threat

Answer 10

Low - Very far from London - plot betrayed because duke of Norfolk remained loyal to the crown, Earl of Northumberland was not convinced and lack of communication.