North America Flashcards
What was the first sub-appellation to reach Ava status in Napa?
Howell Mountain
What direction are Howell mountain vineyards facing?
West
What is a primary grape in Carneros?
Pinot Noir - for still and sparkling
What are the most planted varietals in CA
Chardonnay and Cab Sauv
What AVA is Dry Creek Valley located in?
Sonoma
How many acres does the Sonoma coast contain?
Almost 500,000
What is “Goldridge”
A sandy loam that characterizes the Russian River Valley
What are the primary varietals in the Russian River Valley?
Chardonnay and Pinot
Where is Green Valley AVA located?
Within Russian River Valley AVA
What differentiates Green Valley AVA from Russian River AVA
Generally it’s a cooler area
Knight’s Valley, Alexander Valley, Rockpile and Dry Creek generally experience what type of climate?
Warm. The warmest in Sonoma AVA
What varieties dominate Knight’s valley?
Cabernet Sauvignon, bordeaux varietals
What varietals are Dry Creek valley and Rockpile AVA known for?
Zinfandel, aged in American or French Oak
What variety does Bennett Valley, nested in Sonoma AVA, favor?
Merlot
Too cool to routinely ripen cab sauve
What is the country’s newest AVA?
Petaluma Gap (2017)
What is the smallest AVA in America?
Cole Ranch in Mendocino county
What state produces the majority of US wine
CA 90%
When was the first wine from they mission grape produced? From where?
1783, San Juan capistrano
Who planted the first vineyardsd in Napa? When?
George Yount. 1839
Who is known as the father of California wine?
Hungarian, Augoston Harazthy
What is Napa’s oldest continuously running winery?
Beringer
When did phylloxera first hit Ca vineyards?
1870, wreaked havoc in 1880’s+
When did phylloxera hit CA a second time?
1980’s - caused replanting of new clones and more “California” style plantings - cab sauv, etc
What is the Catawba grape?
An American hybrid grape: vitis vinifera x American indigenous
The Norton Grape is the pride of?
Missouri
Who is deemed the dean of American Winemakers?
Andre Tchelistcheff, Russian winemaker trained in France
Who demonstrated that vitis vinifera could grow well in the finger lakes?
Dr. Konstantin Frank
What was America’s first AVA and when was it approved?
Augusta, Missouri 1980
When did Napa gain AVA status?
1981
Who oversees the AVA system?
TTB (The Tax and Trade Bureau)
What are the 4 large AVA’s of CA?
North Coast, Central Coast, South Coast, Sierra Foothills
Is the Central Valley in CA considered an AVA?
No
What does Meritage mean?
A premium blend of Bordeaux grapes, no grape higher than 90%
What counties are in the North Coast
Napa, Sonoma, Mendocino, Lake, Solano, Marin
What are Napa’s primary soil types?
Volcanic, alluvial, Maritime - loam, clay, thin, rocky hillsdie
What was the first sub-appellation to reach AVA status?
Howell Mountain AVA
In the US, what percentage of grapes must be from AVA if labeled by AVA?
85%
In the US, what percentage of grapes must be from single vineyard if labeled single vineyard?
85%
In the US, what percentage of grapes must be from designated area if labeled country, state or county?
75%
What rivers line the Mendocino AVA?
Navarro and Russian
Vineyards in the Mendocino ridge AVA have to be how many ft above sea level?
1200
Where are Louis Roderer’s American operations?
Anderson Valley (most Champagne houses set up in Carneros)
what is Bennett valley AVA in Sonoma known for?
Merlot
What are dry creek and rock pile AVA’s known for
Zin
Tattinger and Codorniu set-up American bases where?
Carneros
The Petaluma gap is known for?
Cool climate chardonnay, pinot and Syrah. Also the newest AVA in the country (2017)
who is the prodcuer on the Cole ranch AVA?
Esterlina
What are the major grapes of Santa Barbara county region?
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Sauv Blanc, Merlot, Rhone varieties
Bien Nacido Vineyard is in which AVA?
Santa Maria Valley AVA (Santa Barbara county)
where is Gallo headquartered?
Modesto
What is the Sierra foothills most acclaimed style?
Zinfandel (often old-vine and sometimes from before prohibition.)
Where are the majority of Washington’s vineyards located?
To the east of the Cascade mountains, which act as a rain shadow
what climate is eastern Washington?
Continental
What are some of growers concern’s in Washington vienyards
Frost and winter feezes
What is the major soil type in Washington?
sandy or Silty loam
What is the largest AVA in Washington state? How large?
Columbia. 11 million acres
When was the Yakima Valley AVA created?
1983
What 3 AVA’s are nestled within the Yakima Valley
Snipes mountain, Rattlesnake hills, red mountain
What varietal is Red mountain known for?
Cabernet Sauvignon
What is the warmest AVA in Washington state?
Red Mountiain
What is the smallest AVA in Washington state?
Red Mountain
What 3 varietals is the Walla walls AVA known for?
Cab Sauv, Merlot, Syrah
What is the name of the AVA that mirrors the Walla Walla in Oregon?
Milton Freewater
Who is David Lett?
Began Eeyrie wineries. Started planting pinot in Oregon
Who produced the 1975, “South Block Reserve”? What varietal?
David Lett. Pinot Noir.
Approximately how many acres are under vine in the Central Valley?
100,000 acres
What is the second largest producing state of premium wines?
Washington (behind California)
What is Eastern Washington’s climate?
Continental
When were the Missoula floods and what did they result in?
Missoula floods were floods at the end of the last ice age 12,000-18,000 years ago. Resulted in the vineyards in eastern Washington being planted on sandy or silty loam soils derived from the flood-borne sediments
What was Washington’s first AVA?
Yakima Valley 1983
What is the origin of Jory soil?
Voclanic
Where is Jory found?
In the Dundee hills
What is Willakenzie soil?
Marine sedimentary soils
Where is Willakenzie found?
Ribbon ridge in the willamette’s western facing slopes
What are the six AVA’s within the Willamette valley?
Ribbon Ridge, Dundee Hills, Eola-Amity Hills, McMinnville, Yamhill-Carlton District, Chehelam mountains
What separates the Willamette valley from the ocean?
The coastal mountains
What geographical feature cools the willamette valley?
Van Duzer corridor
The Van Duzer corridor effect which AVAs in the Willamette?
McMinnville, Eola-Amity hills
Which white grapes are planted in the Willamette?
Pinot Gris, Chardonnay, Riesling
For single, non-bordeaux, varieties in Oregon, what percentage of grape must be used at minimum?
90% vs the federal 75%
If an Oregon wine is labeled with an AVA, what percentage of grapes must come from that AVA?
95% vs the federal 85%
What state is the third largest producer of wine in North America?
New York state
What percentage of plantings in New York state are vitis vinifera?
less than 1/3
Who first successfully planted vinis vinifera in New York state?
Dr. Konstantin Frank
Where in NY State are Bordeaux varieties planted?
Long Island (warmest in NY)
Where is 90% of New York’s wine produced?
Finger Lakes
What effects do the Great Lakes have on vineyard conditions
Helps to mitigate extreme frosts
What are parents of the grapes Niagra?
Cassidy x Concord
What is Inniskillin known for?
Ice wine
What varieties does Inniskillin use for it’s most noteable ice wine?
Riesling, Cab Franc
What region is Inniskillin in?
Niagara-on-the-lake
What is VQA?
Vinter’s quality alliance a regulating body in Canada
VQA ice wine can be made from what grape?
Vidal
What region is Canada’s largest producer?
Ontario
What are Ontario’s 3 main appellations?
Lake Eerie North Shore, Niagara Peninsula, Prince Edward County
What are Niagara Peninsula’s 2 sub-regions?
Niagara-on-the-lake and Niagara Escarpment
What are the major vinifera grapes on the Niagara peninsula?
Riesling, Chardonnay, Cab Franc, Gamay, Pinot Noir
At what temperature are grapes designated for ice wine picked?
-8 degrees celsius
What latitude does the Okanagan Valley lie on ?
49th
What are the 5 DVA’s (designated viticulture areas) in British Columbia?
Vancouver Island, Fraser Valley, Similkameen Valley, Gulf Islands, and Okanagan Valley
Which is the most developed region in British Columbia? What percentage of wine does it produce in the region?
Okanagan Valley. 82%
The Okanagan valley is located between which two mountain ranges?
The cascade and the monashee
What are the main grapes of the Okanagan Valley?
Pintor Noir, Pinot Gris, Chardonnay, Merlot, Pinot Blanc
What was the first country to produce wine in the America’s?
Mexico (New Spain)
What is the largest winery in Mexico?
L.A. Cetto
What are the soils of the Guadalupe Valley?
Valley floor - Sandy, Hillsides are granite and poor clay
Prince Edward County and Niagara Peninsula are located on the banks of which of the Great Lakes?
Ontario
Where are VQA standards legally enforced?
Ontario
Canada is the largest producer of Ice Wine in the world. True or False?
True
Is botrytis common in the Okanagan Valley
No
Which Canadian province has the most vitis vinifera under vine?
Ontario
Vidal is a blend of what grapes?
Ugni Blanc (vitis vinifera) x hybrid
What is the maximum percentage of non-Ontario grapes in a VQA Ontario wine?
0%
The DVA is Canada’s equivalent of a US AVA. True or False?
True
Does an AVA have to be contained to a single state?
No
Do all 50 states produce wine?
Yes
Heitz Cellars, Chateau Montelena and Beaulieu Vineyards are based in which county?
Napa
Which major region is the smallest in California as far as production?
South Coast AVA
When was prohibition in the United States?
1920-1933
True or False: Per capita wine consumption has increased over the past 20 years
True
Paso Robles is in which larger AVA?
Central Coast AVA
What is Washington’s largest AVA?
Columbia Valley
When was the judgement of Paris first held?
1976
Gustav Niebum founded which winery in Napa?
Inglenook
Agoston Haraszthy founded which winery?
Buena Vista
Andre Tcheslistcheff founded which winery in Napa?
Beaulieu vineyards
Jacob Schram founded which winery?
Schramsberg
What larger AVA are the Cayuga and Seneca AVAs located within?
Finger Lakes AVA
Where is the Savoy Valley located?
Anderson Valley
Where is the Bien Nacido vineyard located?
Santa Maria Valley
Where is Gap’s Crown located?
Sonoma coast
Where is the Sanford and Benedict vineyards located?
Sta. Rita Hills
Where is Pritchard Hill located?
In Napa. Known for cab sauv
Name a producer on Pritchard Hill.
Chapellet
What minimum percentage of grapes in Oregon Pinot Gris must come from the AVA stated on the label?
95%
The diurnal variation in Rutherford AVA is larger than in Howell Mountain AVA.
True
Where is L’Ecole 41 winery located?
Walla Walla AVA, Washington
Where is the Sin Qua None winery located?
California - specializing in Rhone blends
Where is Argyle winery located?
Dundee, OR
Hames Valley, Chalone, and Arroyo Seco are AVAs in which California county?
Monterrey
When was Beaulieu estalished?
1900
When was Robert Mondavi established?
1960
When was Joseph Phelps winery established?
1970
James Berry Vineyard is located in which AVA?
Paso Robles
What minimum percentage of grapes in Oregon Pinot Gris must come from the AVA stated on the label?
95%
Which of the following AVAs has the longest growing season? A. Sta. Rita Hills B. Sonoma Coast C. Covelo D. Anderson Valley E. Carneros
A. Sta. Rita Hills
Loess is commonly found in which of the following AVAs? A. Walla Walla Valley B. Sonoma Coast C. Willamette Valley D. Napa Valley
A. Walla Walla Valley
Grapes for “Estate Bottled” wines must come from the same AVA that the winery is located in, yes or no?
Yes (True)
Is Shea Vineyard located in Yamhill-Carlton AVA?
Yes
Where in the Bien Nacido vineyard located (which AVA?)
Santa Maria Valley
Where is the Sanford & Benedict vineyard located (which AVA)?
Sta. Rita Hills AVA
Which AVA is the Savoy vineyard located in?
Anderson Valley
Which AVA is the Gap’s Crown vineyard located in?
Sonoma Coast
Lake, Solano, and Marin Counties are within what AVA?
The North Coast AVA
Which of the following counties has the most acreage under vine? A. Lake B. Mendocino C. Napa D. Sonoma
D. Sonoma (~65,000)
The Columbia Gorge AVA is located in which state(s)?
Washington and Oregon
Hames Valley, Chalone, and Arroyo Seco are AVAs in which California county?
Monterey County
Name some wineries producing on Pritchard Hill
Chappellet
Ovid
Bryant Family
What is the allowed range of alcohol for US Table Wine?
7-14%
