North Africa and Southwest Asia

Question 1

What is the significance of oil in the Middle East?

Answer 1

Oil is the most important natural resource in the Middle East. It is the source of most of the income for countries that export it.

Question 2

What resource is most scarce and fought over in the Middle East and North Africa?

Answer 2

Water

Question 3

Which religions consider Jerusalem to be a holy city? Why?

Answer 3

Judaism and Christianity and Islam

Question 4

why would Christianity consider Jerusalem to be a holy city?

Answer 4

it was where Jesus was killed and resurrected

Question 5

why would Islam conseder Jerusalem to be a holy city?

Answer 5

There is an important mosque there

Question 6

why would Judaism consider Jerusalem to be a holy city?

Answer 6

it was the capital of Jerusalem and the home of the temple

Question 7

What is the Fertile Crescent?

Answer 7

An area between and around the Euphrates and Tigres rivers that have soil that is really good for farming.

Question 8

What does Mesopotamia mean?

Answer 8

“Land Between the Rivers”

Question 9

What challenges did early farmers face in the Fertile Crescent? What solved their problem?

Answer 9

Early farmers faced unpredictable floods and very dry summers, they were able to build dams and channels to manage the floods and irrigate the dry plains.

Question 10

What was Sumer? How was the civilization structured politically?

Answer 10

Sumer was the first major civilization in Mesopotamia and was structured by city-states.

Question 11

Where and who did the Sumarians worship?

Answer 11

The Sumarians worshiped nature gods in a temple called a Ziggurat. Each city had a special god dedicated to it

Question 12

What was the epic of Gilgamesh about?

Answer 12

The heroic deeds performed by Gilgamesh, a king of Uruk who was part God.

Question 13

What were some of the inventions that the Sumarians were responsible for?

Answer 13

Wagon wheel, arch, potter’s wheel, sundial

Question 14

What was the bread that Miss Osterloo made called and when is is typically eaten?

Answer 14

Challah, a Jewish bread typically eaten on Rosh Hashana and the Sabbath

Question 15

What is a caliph?

Answer 15

An Islamic Ruler

Question 16

What were the commonalities between the Caliphates?

Answer 16

They each spread and used the Arabic language.
They each promoted the religion of Islam.
They each were famous for being centers of art, science, and learning.

Question 17

who is the founder of Judisam

Answer 17

Abraham

Question 18

who is the founder of christianity

Answer 18

Jesus

Question 19

who is the founder of Islam

Answer 19

Mohommad

Question 20

Holy Book of Christianity

Answer 20

bible

Question 21

Holy Book Islam

Answer 21

Quran

Question 22

Holy Book Judaism

Answer 22

Torah

Question 23

Basic Belief of Judaism

Answer 23

God made a covenant with Abraham.

Question 24

Basic Belief of Christianity

Answer 24

Jesus died on the cross for people’s sins

Question 25

Basic Belief of Islam

Answer 25

5 Pillars: Faith, Prayer, Almsgiving, Fasting, Pilgrimage

Question 26

holidays celebrated Christianity

Answer 26

Easter and Christmas

Question 27

holidays celebrated in Islam

Answer 27

Hajj, Ramadan

Question 28

holidays celebrated in Judaism

Answer 28

Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur

Question 29

How did the Caliphates work together?

Answer 29

The Caliphates would trade together.

Question 30

How did the Caliphates treat the other religions they came into contact with?

Answer 30

The Caliphates generally tolerated the other religions they came into contact with.

Question 31

Where was the capital of the Umayyad Caliphate?

Answer 31

Damascus

Question 32

Who was Ali ibn Abi Talib? What part did he play in the split between Sunni and Shia muslims?

Answer 32

Ali ibn Abi Talib was the lastly Guided Caliph and was the last person to lead Islam as a whole before they split.

Question 33

Who were the dhimmis?

Answer 33

Dhimmis were Christians and Jews living in the Islamic empires.

Question 34

What were Garrison towns in the Caliphates?

Answer 34

Garrison towns were towns where Muslim soldiers could live separately than non-Muslims around them.

Question 35

How did Arab culture mix with North African culture when Islam was introduced to the region?

Answer 35

North Africa adapted Islam and the culture that Islams had such as their clothing and celebrations. They kept some of their own traditions about spirituality and how they had adapted their environment.

Question 36

Did Christianity or Islam come to Africa first?

Answer 36

Christianity

Question 37

What is Queen Kahina famous for?

Answer 37

A famous African queen who resisted Islamic invasion.

Question 38

Who was Fatima? What symbol in Islam does she have?

Answer 38

Fatima was Mohommad’s daughter and she has the symbol of a hand with an eye in the middle.