Norman Conquest Flashcards
Who were the contenders to the throne?
Edgar Atheling,Harold Godwineson,Harald Hardrada,William Duke of Normandy
Who was Harold Godwinesons’ army
Anglo Saxons
Who were Harald Hardradas army
Vikings
Who were Williams army
Normans
Why did Harold Godwineson believe he should be king
He was chosen by the Witan(Council of Nobles)
What was William of Normandys claim to the throne
Edward the confessor had promised his the throne
What was Harald Hardradas claim to the throne?
He was a Viking warrior who claimed that a past agreement between Viking and english rulers gave him the right to rule
Why was Edgar Atheling not chosen as king
Too young and lacked military support
What happened at the battle of Stamford Bridge?
The Saxon army defeated the Viking army in the North of England(York)
What 2 leaders fought in the battle of Stamford bridge
Harold Godwinson and Harald Hardrada
Who was Harold Godwinsons’ brothet
Tostig Godwinson
When did the battle of Stamford bridge take place
September 25th 1066
Why was Harald Hardrads army unprepared
They were resting
When did the battle of Hastings happen
October 14th 1066
What advantage did the Saxons have
They fought of a hill giving them the highground
What tactic did William use
The fake retreat(pretending to run away) to lure the Saxons down the hill
How did Harold Godwinson die
He was killed by an arrow to the eye or he was slayed down by Norman knights
Who won in the end
The Normans
Why couldn’t William attack earlier?
Because of the winds in the English channel
What is the Motte and Bailey
A type of castle
What is the Bailey?
The open area in the castle where the people live
What is the keep
The defended central part of the castle sitting on the Motte
What is the Motte?
A large raised area which the keep sits on
What is the Palisade
Wooden wall surrounding the castles bailey
What is the Ditch
A trench dug around the outside of the castle. When filled with water it is know as a moat
True or false:
Motte and Bailey castles could be built quickly
True. 4-7 days
True or false:
Motte and Bailey castle were expensive
False. Used local recources and peasants to build.
How often would the timbers of the motte and bailey have to be replaced.
Every 10 years
Who was the Feudal system created by
William of Normandy
Why was the feudal system created?
To help William keep control of England
Who was at the top of the feudal system and how many
Only 1 king(William)
Who was second in the Feudal system and how many
About 200 Barrons
Who was 3rd in the feudal system and how many?
About 4,000 knights
Whos at the bottom of the Feudal system and how many?
The 1.5 million Villeins
What system is the feudal system based on?
Reciprocal relationship
Why was the Doomesday book made
To tell people how much tax they owe by writing down everything they own
What does Doomesday translate into?
Day of judgement
How many Earls where there in England
12
How did William reward his Norman Earls
Giving them the land of the english that had ran away or died
How did William reward his English Earls
Let them keep their land and become his advisor
Who were Edwin and morcar and what did they do
They were brothers who lived in the north that teamed up with Danish Vikings to initiate a rebellion
How did William react to the revolt
He burnt everything and destroyed everything in the north
What was the Harrying of the North
William ordering for the entirety of the north of England to be burnt and destroyed due to a rebellion.
What were the consequences of the Harrying of the North
No food so survivors would resort to cannabilism
How did Normans improve churches
Made them bigger
What hill did the Saxons and Normans fight on
Senlac hill
When did Edward the Confessor die
5th of January 1066
