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Normal Values Flashcards

1
Q

Horizontal Phoria - Von Graefe

D and N (vergence)

A

6M - 0 - 2 exo (out)

40cm 0 - 6 exo (out)

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2
Q

Horizontal Phoria - Howell

D and N (vergence)

A

3M - ortho (no deviation)

33cm - 1 - 3 exo

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3
Q

AC/A

A

2 - 4: 1

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4
Q

Vertical phoria (vergence)

A

ortho

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5
Q

NFR (Base In) 6M

NFR (40cm) (vergence)

A

x / 5 - 9 / 3 - 5

11 - 15/ 19 - 23 / 10 - 16

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6
Q

PFR (6M)

PFR (40cm) (vergences)

base out - pulls the eyes in

A

7 - 11 / 15 - 23 / 8 - 12

14 - 20 / 18 - 24 / 7 - 15

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7
Q

VFR (vergence)

A

3 - 4 / 1.5 - 2

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8
Q

B+ (NRA) - relaxing accommodation

(40cm)

A

+1.75 - +2.25 D

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9
Q

B- (PRA) - enabling accommodation

(40cm)

A

-2.00

more than -3.00 think suppression or over minussing

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10
Q

MEM (40cm)

A

+0.25 - +0.75

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11
Q

FCC (40cm)

A

Plano - +1.00

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12
Q

Vergence Facility

A

12 - 18 cpm

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13
Q

BAF

A

5 - 15 cpm

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14
Q

MAF

A

6 - 16 cpm

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15
Q

Sheard’s criterion

A

A phoria will be compensated by FR if the blur point of the opposite FR at least 2x the phoria

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16
Q

Sheard’s Prism Prescribing formula

A

2/3 Phoria - 1/3 Fusion Reserves = Prism required

17
Q

Calculated AC/A (formula)

A

PD (cms) + WD (m) [near phoria - distance phoria]

exo = -
eso = +

18
Q

What are theses signs of

Near PFR may be low
*Low Accom Amp
BAF fail (trouble with minus)
MAF fail (trouble with minus)
Low PRA/B+
Lag of accommodation

A

Accommodation Insufficiency

19
Q

What are theses signs of

Near PFR may be low
BAF fail (trouble with minus)
MAF fail (trouble with minus)
Low PRA/B+
Lead of accommodation

A

Ill - sustained accommodation

20
Q

What are these signs of

Near NFR may be low
BAF fail (trouble with plus)
MAF fail (trouble with plus)
Low NRA/B-
Low MEM/FCC

A

Accommodative Excess

21
Q

Near NFR/PFR may by low
Fails BAF and MAF - trouble with plus and minus
Low NRA and PRA

A

Accommodative Infacility

22
Q

*Exophoria greater at near
low AC/A
Reduced NPC
Low PFR (D and N)
Low vergence facility
Fails BAF (trouble with plus)
Low NRA/B-
lead of accommodation

A

Convergence insuffiency

23
Q

Eso greater at near
high AC/A
low NFR
low vergence facility (base in)
Fail BAF (minus)
Low PRA/B+
lag of accommodation

A

Convergence excess

24
Q

Low eso or exo
Low NFR/PFR
Low Vergence facility
Fails BAF (+/-)
Low NRA/PRA

A

Fusional Vergence Dysfunction

25
Q

Eso at distance
low AC/A
Low PFR at distance
Low Vergence facility (Base In)

A

Divegence Insufficiency

26
Q

Exo at distance
high AC/A
low PRF at distance
low NFR at near

A

Divergence Syndrome

AV2 (6 decks)

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