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1
Q

When did the middle ages begin and with what event?

A

The middle ages began in 476-1066,it was the fall of the Roman Empire.

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2
Q

Why did Europe become such a violent place in the early middle ages?

A

Europe became such a violent place because there was isolation no central government it was divided into small kingdoms ruled by barbians tribes.It wasn’t safe to even travel so people stayed and lived near nobles to stay safe.

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3
Q

Who is thought to be a key figure in bringing stability to Europe? What event led to the power of this figure,and how did he bring stability to Europe?

A

A key figure is William the Conquer because he brought stability to Europe and let them have peace for a bit. He also created the feudaslism triangle.

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4
Q

How could a regular serf escape the serfdom?

A

If they ran away for a year and 1 day (366) gained freedom from fedual obligations.

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5
Q

What was the bubonic pagues nickname?

A

It’s nickname was the Black dealth.

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6
Q

One major cause of the plague was what and how did it spread?

A

The major cause of it was when the rat bit the flea and the flea bit the human also poor hygiene. It spread quickly because it was highly contagious.

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7
Q

How did the plague reach Europe?

A

By the Silk Road and trading also travelling.

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8
Q

Why do you think people would to become a nun or monk?

A

This is because they wouldn’t have to pay for there rent or work.

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9
Q

Why was religion so important to people in the middle ages?

A

This is because back in the middle ages religion was everything and that’s where people got there education it was basically there life.

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10
Q

Why do you think medieval people accectepted what the church said without a question?

A

This is because that was source of education.

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11
Q

What did feudalism provide?

A

It provided peace because everyone had there own spot so no fights would break out.

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12
Q

How was life as a merchant different from a peasant or lord?

A

Being a merchant who had freedom and you could leave and trade but for peasants they got no freedom and didn’t get to trade at that trade.

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13
Q

How did a guild control society?

A

Guilds controlled the prices of goods and sets a standard quality.

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14
Q

Describe three ways in which the church was central to peoples lives?

A

The first one is the church bells would ring. The second one is they were taught from a young age to love the church.The third one is the 10% the gave to the church so that was probaly on there mind all the time of how they were gonna pay it.

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15
Q

what two things did a lord need to defend his property and people?

A

The two things are protection and the church.

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16
Q

the church was the only organization at the time offering education how did this role give the church power?

A

Well if the only income of education is the church of course people are going to be there everyday because they want to learn and gain education.

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17
Q

What were the crusades? who was involved?What were they fighting over?What was the primary purpose of the crusade?

A

The crusades were the jews ,christians and muslims they were fighting over the holy land they was the purpose to regain it.

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18
Q

What two things did the crusades lead too?

A

Lots of dealths and the muslims taking full control of the holy land.

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19
Q

What did the Europeans bring back from the war?

A

They brought back the Black dealth.

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20
Q

Why were the peasants revolting and what did happen?

A

The black dealth caused worker shortages and that caused the peasants to demand higher wages and when they weren’t getting that they revolted and it ended up with higher taxes.

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21
Q

What was the result of the peasant revolt ?

A

It resulted in it marked the shifts in the balance power between peasants and nobility.

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22
Q

How did the peasant revolt demonstarte a change in the worldviews?

A

Society=the social classes didn’t matter anymore because anyone could go trade.
Values = people just wanted trade and money and higher wages.

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23
Q

What was exchanged along the Silk Road?

A

Silk,lether,dyes,spices, gold, knowledge, books,religions and different foods languages and different cultures were practiced.

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24
Q

Where was the Silk Road located?

A

Europe-middle east-india-china-north america

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25
Q

Who was at the center of the Silk Road?

A

MIddle east

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26
Q

What was the Silk Road?

A

A network of trade routes that connects to Asia to Europe.

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27
Q

What besides trade goods,passed along the trade routes?

A

Knowledge and ideas.

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28
Q

What goods did italian merchants bring in by sea?

A

Silk and spices

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29
Q

What was the most valuable trade good?

A

Black pepper

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30
Q

What goods did Europeans use to trade?

A

metals ,lether

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31
Q

How were these goods transported?

A

Carvans, horses and ships/boats.

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32
Q

Feudalism eventually collapses.what were the two major reasons for the collapse of feudalism ?

A

One of them was the Black dealth because everyone spread there own way the other one is the peasant revolt.

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33
Q

what do civic humanism believe is important?

A

They believe making society better for everyone is important.

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34
Q

What were some new studies that were added through the renaissance?What do think these studies were added?

A

Some new studies that were added were added during the renaissance science,math and lierature these were added because people started reliaze they needed them.

35
Q

Identify the eight (8) Worldview categories and explain how they shape/influence a person’s perspective of the world.

A

Geography: Controls what you eat, what you wear, how you act to others, your housing style.

Time: How is time divided? How does time influence what you eat? How is time connected to life and death?

Beliefs: What religions are found in your society? Who controls the religion? How does religions influence your society? How does science influence society? How is life and death viewed in society?

Society: What roles and jobs are available in society? Who had the power in society? How does one get status in your society? How do people in societies interact with each other? What different groups are found in a society? How are they treated differently?

Values: What is important to you? What is acceptable treatment from others? Who are people you value/respect?

Economy: What resources are available? How is property distributed? Who controls the resources? What industries support your society? How is land protected? How is trade managed in society? Who controls trade?

Knowledge: How do people obtain knowledge? How do you know which knowledge is acceptable? Who has control of the knowledge? Who has access to knowledge? How is knowledge valued?

36
Q

Feudalism involved obligations among various groups within the feudal hierarchy

A

…which controls the people in Europe.

37
Q

Why is the feudalism hierarchy often drawn in a pyramid shape?*

A

This is because the bottom is the base so it has the most people to keep ti balanced then it goes up until the smallest to where it has one on the top it goes up as rankings.

38
Q

What did a lord’s strength depend on?

A

The kings were to rule and make decisions and the nobles were to control the knights and the free peasants.

39
Q

What factors contributed to the rise of trade between Western Europe and the East at the beginning of the Renaissance?

A

Some factors are once Europe saw that they could make good deals to make them wealthy if they traded with east they took the offer.

40
Q

Explain why the Italian City-States became so powerful and important to the rest of Europe.

A

Italy had been involved in trade routes since the 10th century which gave them an advantage to trade better.

41
Q

Give 3 general reasons why the location of city-states in Italy was so successful.

A

Mountains to the north of Italy help protect from northern invader,second the waters around Italy also helped with that.Finally the central location of Italy made them the middle ground to connect Europe and Middle east Europe from training.

42
Q

Why was Italy seen as Europe’s Gateway to the East? How did increased trade lead to the emergence of powerful city-states in Italy?

A

It was seen as as Europe’s gate way to the east because there were many merchants to trade with which made it more accessible to trade.

43
Q

What are the four reasons for economic success in the Italian City-States? Explain them.

A

One is people who met for prayers and collected money for good causes like charity work. Second is they had a great trading center because of its deals with the east. Third it had the largest ship building center in Europe. Finally, it had a famous university that prompted the study of science, machine and law.

44
Q

Describe Florence, Genoa, and Venice.

A

Venice: A republic government run by the dodge which is a wealthy upper class citizen. Venice’s military had a protected harbor that was easy to defend from invasion, it had a very large Navy unit to defend their territory. It had sea trade, which was a trading center because of its trades with the east.
Genoa: Was a republic governed by rival clans or families. It economic structures were wool merchants who were very successful. Genoa is also two faced city. One that looks inland and the others that look toward the sea. Its military was an old city surrounded by high walls to protect its in habitats from invaders, from mountains and from the sea.
Florence: Was a wealthy city-state, it had wealthy bankers who supported the pope. The Medchi family ruled and had a very powerful influence in Florence.Its art and architecture was a major center of renaissance culture. Its military was backward and unorganized and suspicious of its soldiers.

45
Q

Who was the Medici family? How were they so successful?

A

The medici family ruled Florence during the renaissance and had a power influence on Florence.

46
Q

How can thinkers and philosophers bring about change in society?

A

We can think of ways to make our society better and making the classes more fair as thinkers and philosopher in society.

47
Q

What does the art of this time tell us about Renaissance society?

A

That they were very interested in the human body and focused on shadowing and small details to give it a personality.

48
Q

In what ways can shifts in ideas affect a society’s worldview? Give specific examples linked to specific worldview elements.

A

It can affect society’s worldviews because it can change how peoples opinions and views society’s worldviews.

49
Q

Why was the term Renaissance used for this time? What does it mean?

A

It means rebirth and they called it this because was a whole new time filled with new ideas.

50
Q

What areas of the Greek and Roman civilizations did Renaissance humanists look at?

A

They focused on being a human and their values and abilities.

51
Q

What three intercultural contacts lead to the Humanist Worldview?

A

The three intercultural contacts lead to the humanist worldview was the Christian and Muslims because they were different religions.

52
Q

What are the four main beliefs of the humanist about the individual?

A

Focus on being human beings, their values, abilities and individual worth and human society that could be proved. Understand the world that is based on evidence and logic/ base understanding on humanist believe that values, abilities and that everyone has a purpose also they have to get educated. You should treat people with dignity.

53
Q

What does the phrase “educating the whole child” mean?

A

The phrase means not only educating the child about school but also about the way of life like about cultures and religion and more.

54
Q

How was religion at this time different from the Middle Ages?

A

It was different because people at this time couldn’t choose to criticize the church but in this time in the present time you can believe in anything you want so you have a choice.

55
Q

How is Renaissance art different from Medieval Art?

A

The renaissance focused on the human body because people were intrigued by that and wanted to give there art a personality.But the medieval art focused on christianity and defining its characteristics and giving it bright colours.

56
Q

Why was the scientific method important?

A

Its so important because scientist needed to make discoveries, medicine it was also the growth and development of the printing press.

57
Q

How did astronomy change during the Renaissance?

A

Astronomy:It changed peoples view and helped create the telescope and with that people learned that the planets orbit around the sun not the earth.

58
Q

How did medicine change during the Renaissance?

A

Medicine:It helped make the first vaccine and with that it helped people heal faster.

59
Q

How did anatomy change during the Renaissance?

A

anatomy:It changed peoples perspectives/view and understanding.

60
Q

What new developments in math came about during the Renaissance?

A

It had advances in algebra and arithmetic.
anatomy:It changed peoples perspectives/view and understanding.

61
Q

How was religion changing at this time?

A

Renaissance some people made there own religions because they didn’t agree about everyone the church had to say.

62
Q

What was a major criticism of the church?

A

They were making the expenses for the church high and people didn’t have that type of money and they were using there power to there advantage.

63
Q

Explain the Protestant Reformation.

A

Martin Luther say mistakes in the bible so he decided to make his own lutherism.

64
Q

Explain the Catholic Counter-Reformation

A

John Calvin saw what Martin Luther was doing and decided to study religion which lead to make his own religions which is called prostinism.

65
Q

How did information spread during this time?

A

Information spread by travel.

66
Q

Explain the three effects of the printing press and more books on the Renaissance.

A

Three effects the printing press had on the Renaissances was a way communication it also made them smarter and helped people connect with others.

67
Q

What are some of the main ideas of Humanism? You should be able to list 4 or 5.

A

1.Everyone having there own abilities and talents.
2..Everyone should choose the job of there talent.
3.Wealth doesn’t define you.
4. Make sure educate the whole child.

68
Q

How did Humanist thinkers bring about change in Renaissance society?

A

That everyone had there own abilities and shouldn’t be put in a job they don’t like because everyone has there own talent.

69
Q

What impact did the printing press have on the spread of ideas?

A

It impact it had was a way of communication and spread peoples ideas and opinions.

70
Q

What influence did the Renaissance have on the early explorers?

A

They influence they had was it provided the tools they needed for exploration.

71
Q

How did the Silk Road lead to the Age of Exploration?

A

This is because they just started exploring for new waters and new land which lead to the age of exploration.

72
Q

Who was prince Henry?

A

Price Henry played a key role in the age of exploration because he helped lead the age of exploration and spreader Christianity.

73
Q

What four new tools helped Europeans have the means to explore?

A

The four new tools that helped were ships,astrolabe, compass and back staff.

74
Q

How did the Silk Road lead to the Age of Exploration?

A

This is because they just started exploring for new waters and new land which lead to the age of exploration.

75
Q

How is Renaissance art different from Medieval Art?

A

The renaissance focused on the human body because people were intrigued by that and wanted to give there art a personality.But the medieval art focused on christianity and defining its characteristics and giving it bright colours.

76
Q

Why was the term Renaissance used for this time? What does it mean?

A

It means rebirth and they called it this because was a whole new time filled with new ideas.

77
Q

How did the increased trade lead to the emergence of the powerful city-states (i.e.,Florence,Venice,Genoa)?

A

The increase trade lead to the successful city-states in Italy because of the commercial centers of banking and trade commerce.

78
Q

Who were the four renaissance explores?

A

1.Amerigo Yespucci
2.Christopher Columbus
3.Vasscoda Gama
4.Ferdinand Magellan

79
Q

What did Europeans bring back from war?

A

Black death

80
Q

What was the Renaissance?

A

The renaissance was the rebirth of a new society because they wanted to bring back the Greek and Roman ideas and cultures back.

81
Q

How did increase trade lead to the emergence of powerful city states?

A

The increase trade lead to the successful city-states in Italy because of the commercial centers of banking and trade commerence.

82
Q

Why is the feudalism hierarchy often drawn in a pyramid shape?*

A

This is because the bottom is the base so it has the most people to keep ti balanced then it goes up until the smallest to where it has one on the top it goes up as rankings.

83
Q

What impact did the printing press have on the spread of ideas?

A

It impact it had was a way of communication and spread peoples ideas and opinions.

84
Q

How could a regular serf escape the serfdom?

A

If they ran away for a year and 1 day (366) gained freedom from fedual obligations.

Social Studies Grade 8 (3 decks)

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