Normal Pregnancy Flashcards
What are the first 3 steps in newborn resuscitation after delivery?
- warm and dry infant - also stimulates breathing
- ABC’s, grasp umbilical cord to check HR
- Evaluate infant for color and signs of resp. distress such as grunting, nasal flaring, chest retractions, tachypnea
What are the 5 parameters used to give an infant an apgar score?
HR Respiratory effort Muscle tone Skin color Response to stimulation
When are apgar scores given?
1, 5, and 10 minutes of life
What is the primary cause of cardiac arrest in neonates and infants?
hypoxemia
What are indications for bag mask ventilation in an infant?
apnea
HR
What is the ventilatory rate for a newborn?
40-60 bpm
What airway pressures can you use for the first breath after delivery?
30-40 cm H2O
What is the airway pressure you can use for an infant after a normal delivery?
15-20 cm H2O
What is the airway pressure you can use on an infant with diseased lungs after delivery?
20-40 cm H2O
What are indications for intubation of a newborn?
- prolonged bag and mask ventilation
- ineffective bag and mask ventilation
- tracheal suctioning
- severe prematurity
What would be the ETT size for a 6.5 lb (>3000 gms) infant?
4.0
What would be the ETT size for a 4.5-6.5 lb (2000-3000 gms) infant?
3.5
What would be the ETT size for a 2-4.5 lb (1000-2000 gms) infant?
3.0
What would be the ETT size for a 2 lb (
2.5
What should you do to optimize intubating position in an infant?
shoulder roll
When should you start chest compressions on an infant?
if after 15-30 secs of positive pressure with 100% FiO2 and HR is
How many inches should you compress the chest when doing CPR on an infant?
1/2-3/4
What is the compression ratio to breaths in an infant?
5:1
What should you do if you see meconium during delivery?
prevent stimulation to limit/prevent crying and decrease chance of meconium aspiration, infant immediately intubated and suctioned, suction while withdrawing ETT and may be repeated prn
Which phase of pregnancy does your CO increase the most?
first 13 weeks
How much does your CO increase with pregnancy?
40%
What causes the increase in CO with pregnancy?
increased HR by about 15 bpm
increased stroke volume by 25-30%