normal motor development Flashcards
1-2 months prone
- better head lift to 45 deg
- elbows behind shoulders
- increased head/neck extensor muscles w/less WS forward on face and shoulders
- decreased hip flexion
1-2 months supine
- increased cervical rotation with movement of extremities away from body
- ATNR may appear
- head rarely in midline
1-2 months supported sit
- begin to see scapular add to assist w/head lift
- head lag during pull to sit
1-2 months supported stand
astasia abasia:
motor incoordination for standing and walking
1-2 months UE
- swiping in supine
- grasp reflex dec
- may voluntarily retain object placed in hand briefly
- bil scap retraction and spinal ext
1-2 months LE
kicking may be bilateral and symmetrical
feet come together
3 months
- alert and aware
- interacts visually w/caregivers
- symmetry and midline orientation beginning
- marked increase in bil symmetrical activity
- antigravity flexor control
3 months prone
- sustains POE w/head elevated 45-90 deg
- rotated head while elevated subtle weight shifts
- increased caudal weight shift
3 months supine
- symmetry and midline dominant
- chin tuck, bilateral control
- capital flexion elongates capital and cervical extensors
- foot to foot play w/increase knee ext, hip ext, hip add, decreased hip ER
3 months pull to sit
head rights midway
3 months standing
- astasia abasia usually gone
- able to sustain head lift, scapular add, toe curling, plantar grasp reflex, WB on medial foot.
- able to track 180 deg w/head ext.
4 months
- beginning of controlled purposeful movements and alternating coordinated movements.
- easily alternate between flx and ext in supine and prone
- visual tracking without head turning
- development of downward visual gaze
4 months prone
- head ext 90 deg, pivot prone, POextE
- Landau
- increased lordosis
- able to flex head w/o collapsing
- increased activity of ADD, erector spinae and obliques. ribs less horizontal
- weight on forearms, pecs more active
4 months supine
- increased hip EXT and ADD
- alternates between pelvic ant and post tilt
- hands to knees
- being to see PF, INV, EVR
Pivot Prone/Swimming
4 months
4 months sidelying
- baby may roll from supine w/hands on knees. Initiated w/head rotation
- sidelying for rib cage shaping
5 months
- voluntary asymmetrical, dissociated, and reciprocal movements
- balance of flex, ext. lat flex emerges
- increased spinal mobility
5 months prone
- lateral weight shift in POE. for reaching
- may push up on hands
- rolls to supine
5 months supine
- feet to mouth
- flex head if hand held
- rolls to side
5 months UE
- palmar grasp
- occasionally manipulates/transfers
- brings toy to mouth
- grabs, mouths, bangs, shakes toys
6 months
- rolling supine to prone initiated w/flex.
- sitting. positional stability of legs
- WS occurs w/head rotation to same side
- standing= hip and trunk control to independently hold on the support of a person. may bounce. legs abd
6 months UEs
- increased abdominal control
- rotator cuff, deltoids, and pec maj dynamically stabilize humerus for reaching
- can stome humerus movement midstream
- forearm pronated. can supinate some w/ ER
- palmar and radial palmar grasp
6 month LE
- hips more ADD w.less ER1
2. LE respond to lateral WS w/dissociation
6 months prone
- WB side extends, add, IR to neutral.
- NWB side flexes, ABD, and ER
- pelvis laterally flexes and rotates backward
Bear standing
7 months
7 months sitting
assumed from quadruped
7 months
- able to rotate trunk
- legs ABD and ER
- trunk straight, may see lordosis
- arms free to play
- protective ext sideways
7 months pull to standing
at 1st symmetrical then half kneeling
climbing furniture and stairs
8 months
play in kneeling, relying on UE for stability. Hip/knee flx and ankle DF
8 months
8 months sitting
- for play
- trunk and pelvic muscles allow progress to long sit, half long sit, side sit
8 months quadruped
- beginning of equilibrium, crawling
- reciprocal extremity movements require counter rotation
- diagonal control: lateral WS+LE dissociation+diagonal trunk control
8 months standing
- still need UE to stabilize posture.
- LE ABD
- may release one hand and reach out in space
cruising sideways, body facing forward
8 months
9 months
- variety, versatility
- strong desire to stand and walk
- crusing more refined
- increased hip ABD/ADD control
- independent kneeling w/active hip ext
9 months cruising
semi turns towards direction moving
10 months UE
- container play
- 3 jaw chuck
- pincer
- mimic gestures
- reaches across midline
10 months crusing
- triplanar motion of hips, may cross oppen space
- cruise around corners
- cruise around different height, texture, and firmness of objects
11 months
- stands alone when absorbed in task
- walks w/one hand held
- assumes standing
- squatting (post weight w/minimal DF)
- synergy: hip ext, abdominals, quads, and DF
11 months UE
- more control of release
2. neat pincer
12 months
- basic motor skills present
- independent standing, wide BOS, may use hands more
- increased LE dissociation. greater skill in planning, organizing, and executing activities.
- most walk independently.
