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Electrical excitability of cells > Normal Ion concentrations > Flashcards

Normal Ion concentrations Flashcards

1
Q

Sodium extracellular

A

140mM

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2
Q

Sodium intracellular

A

5-15mM

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3
Q

Bicarbonate intracellular

A

10-20mM

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4
Q

Bicarbonate extracellular

A

25mM

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5
Q

Calcium intracellular

A

0.1 micromolar

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6
Q

Calcium extracellular

A

2.4mM

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7
Q

K+ extracellular

A

4mM

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8
Q

K+ intracellular

A

140mm

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9
Q

Hydrogen ions and pH extracellular

A

40mM, pH =7.4

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10
Q

Hydrogen ions and pH intracellular

A

50-100mM, pH-7-7.3

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11
Q

Plasma glucose in fasting

A

4mM-6mM

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12
Q

Cl- Intracellular

A

25 mM

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13
Q

Cl- Extracellular

A

110mM

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14
Q

Plasma osmolarity

A

~300mOsm/L

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15
Q

Resting membrane potential

A

-70mv

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16
Q

Ek

A

-90mv

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17
Q

ENa

A

+55-60mv

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18
Q

ECl

A

-65-45mv

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19
Q

Systemic blood pressure

A

120/80mmHg

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20
Q

Pulmonary blood pressure

A

20/10mmHg

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21
Q

PaO2

A

100mmHg, 13.3Kpa

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22
Q

PaCO2

A

40mmHg, 5.3Kpa

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23
Q

PvCO2

A

45mmHg

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24
Q

What is the number of WBC in a litre

A

7 x 10^9

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25
Q

What is percentage of neutrophils

A

40-70%

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26
Q

What is the percentage of basophils

A

<1%

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27
Q

What is percentage of monocytes

28
Q

What is proportion of lymphocytes

29
Q

Diameter of RBC

A

7.2 micrometer

30
Q

Normal V/Q ratio

31
Q

What is normal heart rate at rest

32
Q

What is alveolar ventilation rate

33
Q

What is resting SV

34
Q

What is resting cardiac output

35
Q

What is basal O2 consumption

36
Q

What is basal CO2 production

37
Q

What is normal pulse pressure?

38
Q

Normal CVP

39
Q

Rough bp in arterioles and capillaries

A

Arterioles: 50mmHg

Capillaries: 20mmHg

40
Q

Duration of normal neurone AP and in skeletal muscle

A

Neurone 1ms

Skeletal muscle 2-5ms

41
Q

How do you work out clearance of something from blood

A

Urine conc x urine flow rate/ plasma conc

42
Q

Range of urine osmolarity

A

30-1200mOsm

43
Q

What are volumes of body fluid compartments

A

Total: 42
Intracellular: 28
Extracelular as plasma: 3, as interstitial fluid: 10, Transcellular fluid: 1

44
Q

Cells of RBC in one litre

45
Q

What is haematocrit

46
Q

What is GFR

47
Q

How do you work out Volume of distribution (Vd)?

A

Dose/Concentration

48
Q

How do you work out drug clearance (2 ways)?

A

(Dose/Interval)/ Total steady state plasma concentration

Elimination constant x Volume of distribution

49
Q

What is percentage of eosinophils

50
Q

How to work of total peripheral resistance

A

(MAP-CVP)/ CO= TPR

51
Q

How to find VO2/ rate of O2 uptake?

A

CO ( arterial O2 conc - venous O2 conc)

52
Q

BP in foot capillaries can reach …

53
Q

Systolic pressure in right ventricle

54
Q

What is the respiratory quotient?

A

CO2 eliminated/O2 consumed

It is a dimensionless number ratio used in a calculation for basal metabolic rate

55
Q

How to calculate alveolar ventilation rate

A

(tidal volume - dead space) x breath rate

56
Q

Anatomical dead space?

57
Q

Tidal volume?

58
Q

Inspiratory reserve volume?

A

Max air intake after normal inhalation ~ 3L

59
Q

Expiratory reserve volume?

A

Max air exhalation after normal exhalation ~1.5L

60
Q

Residual volume?

A

Volume left in lungs after maximum exhalation~1.2 L

61
Q

Functional residual capacity?

A

ERV + RV ~2.5-3L

62
Q

Vital capacity?

A

After max inhale the max exhale ~5L

63
Q

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure

64
Q

Renal plasma flow

65
Q

Diuresis urine

A

Up to 20l/day / 20ml/min @ 50mosm

66
Q

Antidiuresis urine

A

0.5l/day @ 1200mosm

Electrical excitability of cells (9 decks)

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