Normal GYN Anatomy Flashcards
What are the bony boundaries
Sacrum
Coccyx
Inominate bones (ilium, ischium,pubic symphysis)
This is an imaginary line from pubic symphysis and sacral prominence and divides true and false pelvis
Linea terminalis
This pelvis contains bladder, small bowel, ascending and descending colon, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, internal iliac and the 5 muscles.
True pelvis
What muscles make up the pelvic diaphgram and can lead to prolapse
Coccyges and levator ani muscles
These muscles are at the top (OPI)
Obturator interns
Piriformis
Iliopsoas
This muscle is lateral to the bladder
Obturator internus
The muscle is posterolateral
Piriformis
This muscle is anterolateral
Iliopsoas
Aka space of retzius, and is anterior to bladder
Space of retzius
lower quadrants of abdomen and lateral space to uterus, the ovaries are within this structure
Adnexa
aka rectouterine pouch or pouch of Douglas , between uterus and rectum posterior to uterus
Posterior cul-de-sac
aka vesicuterine pouch between bladder and uterus (anterior to uterus)
anterior - cul - de - sac
these are branches of internal iliac artery (aka hypogastric)
uterine arteries
These originate from the aorta aka gonadal arteries
Uterine arteries
Ovaries receive a dual blood supply from what to arteries
Ovarian and uterine arteries
Uterine vein returns or drains into
Intermal iliac veins
Right ovarian vein drains into
IVC
left ovarian vein drains into
left renal vein
Which vein is the longest pelvic vessel
Lt ovarian vein
This is a pearshaped retroperitoneal organ that is located anterior to rectum, posterior to the bladder, bounded anteriorly by bladder, and bounded laterally by the broad ligament
Uterus
This is the most superior and widest
Fundus
the body largest area
Corpus
aka lower uterine segment in pregnancy
Isthmus
Most superior portion of cervix
Internal os
Most inferior portion of cervix opens into vaginal canal
External os
aka periemtrium, outer most layer of uterus
Serosa
most muscular layer of uterus
Myometrium
layer of uterus consisting of two layers
Endometrium
Deepest layer of uterus
Basal layer
Superficial layer of uterus, sheds during menses
Functional layer
Prominent uterus due to maternal hormone , cervix is double the size of the body 2:1 ratio
Neonatal uterus
Uterus is tubular in shape. Body = cervix
Prepubertal
Uterus increased fundus diameter = pear shaped
4-6cm
Puberty
decreased uterine size
Menopause
body tilts forward 90 degree angle with cervix
Anteversion
body folds forward, comes in contact with cervix
Anteflexion
body tilts back and comes in contact with back of cervix
Retroflexion
body tilts back without a bend
Retroversion
most proximal portion of fallopian tube where tube attaches to uterus
Interstital
bridge connects interstitial to ampulla
Isthmus
longest and most torturous common location for ectopic
Ampulla
distal and widest portion of FT
infundibulum
these are oval shaped intraperitoneal endocrine organs
Ovaries
this supports ovary from lateral side of uterus to ovary
ovarian ligament
this supports the ovaries from lateral pelvic side walls
suspensory ligament
Ovaries will produce what two hormones
Estrogen and progesterone
what hormone will allow follicles to develop
FSH
Which cells help follicles produce estrogen
Theca internal cells
which hormone ruptures the Graafian follicle and is replaced by corpus luteum
Lutenizing hormone
The corpus luteum will release which hormone
Progesterone
If the corpus luteum regresses it becomes what
Corpus Albicans
- What Muscle group can be visualized lateral to urinary bladder?
a. Obturator internus
b. Obturator externus
c. Psosas major
d. Pelvic Diaphgram.
A.
- What structure replaces the Graafian Follicle?
a. Cumulus oophorous
b. Corpus albicans
c. Corpus luteum
d. Ovarian medulla
C
- What is the most likely location for fluid to collect post-ovulatory?
a. Retropubic space
b. Endometrial cavity
c. Anterior cul-de-sac
d. Rectouterine pouch
D
- What is the superficial layer of the endometrium?
a. Basal layer
b. Serosal layer
c. Functional layer
d. Perimetrium
C
- The uterus is bounded anteriorly by what structure?
a. Rectum
b. Bladder
c. Space of retzius
d. Round ligament
B
- The gonadal arteries originate from what vessel?
a. Aorta
b. Common iliac arteries
c. Uterine arteries
d. Internal iliac arteries
A
- What best describes the neonatal uterus?
a. Entire uterus is small and tubular in shape
b. Cervix is approximately twice the size of the corpus
c. Uterine fundus is same size as cervix
d. Fundus is twice the size of the uterine body
B
- Fertilization is most likely to occur where?
a. Infundibulum
b. Uterine cornu
c. Ampulla
d. Endometrial cavity
C
- What section of the fallopian tube traverses the uterine cornu?
a. Isthmus
b. Interstitial
c. Ampulla
d. Cilia
B
- What muscles would most likely be mistaken as ovaries or adnexal masses?
a. Gemellus
b. Psosas major
c. Obturator internus
d. Levator ani
C
- What muscle group is most likely to be identified while imaging inferiorly at the level of the vagina?
a. Rectus abdominis
b. Coccygeus
c. Psosas major
B
- Where does uterine blood supply originate ?
a. Hypogastric artery
b. Uterus
c. Aorta
d. Internal iliac vein
A
- What marks the most inferior part of the cervix?
a. Isthmus
b. Vagina
c. External os
d. Internal os
C
these arteries supply periphery of the myometrium
arcuate arteries
these arteries supply deep into the myoemtrium
radial arteries
these arteries supply the basal layer
straight arteries
these arteries supply the functional layer
spiral arteries
