Normal Development Flashcards
General Principles of Development
- Development sequential/ predictable
- Maturation & experience affect development
- Development involves changes in biological, psychological and social
- Development in 2 directions
Follows 4 sequences
biological system
relate to the functions and processes of internal structures.
psychological system
affects the emotional and behavioural characteristics of the individual.
social system
affect the individuals in the environment and in society
2 directions of development
Vertical and Horizontal
vertical- developmental skills
horizontal- further promote development. ie. pincher grasp
4 basic sequences
Cephalocaudal
Proximal to distal direction
Flexion into extension
Gross control to fine control
Primitive Reflexes
Automatic movements dominant when child is born
Critical Reflexes
Suck/swallow
Rooting
Galant
Flexor Withdrawal
Equilibrium Reactions
equilibrium reactions that allow them to maintain their center of gravity over their base of support
Grasp reflex present at
Birth. 4-5 months can use palmar/ ulnar grasp
radial digit grasp
where objects are held between the thumb and fingertips. at 7 months
Pincer Grasps
inferior- pad of thumb and pad of index
superior- tip of thumb and tip of index
