Normal Anatomy Flashcards
A small undeveloped breast in an adult female is called…
Hypoplasia
When there is glandular breast tissue but no nipple or areola it’s called
Athelia
The absence of glandular tissue in a nipple or areola is called
Amazia
Rapid breast enlargement that begins at puberty is called
Thelarche
Breast tissue development is considered complete by
Post partum
The term of accessory ectopic breast tissue is called
Supernumerary
The most common type of supernumerary (ectopic) breast tissue is called
Polythelia
The presence of accessory glandular tissue is called
Polymastia
The classification used today for supernumerary breast tissue is
Kajava’s classification
The most common site for polymastia is
Axillary
The mammary ridges are also referred to as the
Milk lines
The nipple is composed of the following tissue type
Erectile
Breast tissue that extends into the axilla is called
Tail of spence
In the lactating patient, milk production usually begins
2-3 days after delivery
The lubricating glands within the areola are called
Montgomerys glands
The darker skin that surrounds the nipple is called
Areola
The breast lies directly on the
Pectoral muscle
The smallest functional unit of the glandular tissue is the
Acini
Most breast pathologies originate in the
Terminal ductal lobular units (TDLU)
The mammary ridges extend from the ____ to _____
Axilla to inguinal region
The functional portion of the breast is found within the
Lobe
The normal skin line should NOT measure more than
2.0mm
The glandular tissue contains all of the following structures EXCEPT:
FAT
The glandular tissue contains:
Acini, TDLU, lactiferous ducts, and epithelial/ myoepithelial cells
The primary function of the breast is
Milk production
The number of lobes within each female breast usually range between
15-20 lobes
Which of the following lymph nodes drain 75% of the lymph from the breast?
Axillary
The lymph nodes located between the pectoral muscles are called
Rotter’s nodes
The normal INTRAMAMMARY lymph nodes appear as what? 4 things
1) ovoid, hyperechoic hilum, hypoechoic rim
2) usually measure less than 1cm
3) they show vascular pedicle at hilum
4) most are found in the posterior upper outer quadrant
The most echogenic tissues within the breast include all of the following except
Fat
Echogenic tissues are
1) coopers ligament
2) skin line
3) ribs
4) glandular tissue
On a mammogram the most specific indicator of cancer would be
Microcalcifications
The acronym MULD stands for
Medial up lateral down
Normal lymph nodes usually measure 1cm EXCEPT those found in the
Axilla
A skin line would be considered abnormally thick if it measured
3mm
