Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OB/GYN Boards!! > Normal Anatomy > Flashcards

Normal Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boundaries of the false pelvis?

A
  • abdominal wall
  • base of sacrum
  • iliac wings
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the boundaries of the true pelvis?

A
  • pubis and pubic rami
  • sacrum and coccyx
  • ilium and ischium
  • pelvic diaphragm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the Osseous Ligaments?

A
  • Sacroiliac
  • Sacrococcygeal
  • Pubic
  • Sacrosciatic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the Cardinal Ligament?

A

Connects to uterus at level or cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the broad ligament?

A

extend from lateral aspects of the uterus and attach to the lateral pelvic side wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the uterosacral ligament?

A

posterior support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the round ligament?

A

anterior and inferior to the broad ligaments and fallopian tubes, and attach the uterine cornu to the anterior pelvic wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the ovarian ligament?

A

attach inferior ovary to the uterine cornu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the mesovarium ligament?

A

attach the ovary to the posterior layer of the broad ligament on each side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the infundibulopelvic (suspensory) ligament?

A

attach the lateral ovary to posterolateral pelvic wall and transmit the ovarian vessels and nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the Rectus abdominus muscle?

A
  • anterior body wall

- extends from xiphoid to pubic bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the psoas major muscle?

A
  • originates from lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

- laterally and anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the Iliacus muscle?

A
  • arises at the iliac crest and extends inferiorly until is merges with the psoas major
  • forms part of lateral margins of the pelvic basin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the Obturator Internus muscle?

A
  • Triangular sheet of muscle anchored along the brim of the true pelvis
  • posteriorly and medially along side wall of true pelvis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the Piriformis muscle?

A
  • deeply posterior in true pelvis

- less routinely imaged to due to its deep location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the Abdominopelvic Muscles?

A
  • Rectus Abdominus

- Psoas Major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What muscles are in the false pelvis?

A

Iliacus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What muscles are in the true pelvis?

A
  • Obturator Internus
  • Piriformis
  • Coccygeous
  • Levator Ani
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the uterine size of a 2-8 year old?

A

33 x 7.5 mm (AP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the uterine size g-menarche?

A

43 x 13 mm (AP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the uterine size of nulliparous?

A

80 x 30 mm (AP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the uterine size of multiparous?

A

90 x 40 mm (AP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the Perimetrium of the uterus?

A
  • outer serosal layer which is part of the visceral perimetrium
  • laterally becomes the broad ligament
  • anteriorly forms the vesicouterine pouch
  • posteriorly forms the pouch of douglas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the myometrium of the uterus?

A
  • muscular layer
  • 3 layers of smooth muscle
  • inner portion of myometrium is the junctional zone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the endometrium of the uterus?

A
  • inner mucous layer which consists of superficial functional layer and deeper permanent basal layer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the parametrium?

A

tissues surrounding the uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are all the uterine layers from outer to inner?

A

perimetrium > myometrium > basal layer endometrium > functional layer of endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is an anteverted uterus?

A

forward placement of the uterus at the cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is an anteflexed uterus?

A

bending forward of the uterus at the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is an retroverted uterus?

A

tilting backward of the uterus at the cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is a retroflexed uterus?

A

bending backward of the uterus at the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the most common uterine position ?

A

Anteverted and Anteflexed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the normal ovarian size for premenopausal?

A

3.5 x 2.0 x 1.5 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the normal ovarian size for postmenopausal?

A

2.0 x 1.0 x 0.5 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What are the two layers of the ovaries?

A
  1. functional layer (cortex)

2. medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is the interstitial/ intramural of the uterus?

A

narrow and relatively straight; located within uterine wall (cornu)

Ectopic can cause bleed out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the isthmus of the uterus?

A

median closest to uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the ampulla of the uterus?

A

longest portion; curves around ovary

Normally site of fertilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is infundibulum?

A

outer, trumpet shaped

40
Q

What are Fimbriae?

A

finger like projections which maintain a close relationship between tube and ovary

41
Q

What is the Space of Retzius?

A

Retropubic or prevesical space

- located between pubic bone and the anterior urinary bladder

42
Q

What is the Vesicouterine Space?

A
  • anterior cul-de-sac

- anterior to the uterus and posterior to bladder

43
Q

What is the Rectouterine Space?

A
  • posterior cul-de-sac

- posterior to the uterine cervix and anterior to rectum

44
Q

What are the branches off of the uterine arteries from outer to inner?

A

uterine a. > arcuate a. > radial a. > spiral a.

45
Q

What are the ovarian arteries?

A

Gonadal arteries are lateral branches of the aorta just below the level of the renal arteries

46
Q

What does the right ovarian vein empty into?

A

IVC

47
Q

What does the left ovarian vein empties into?

A

Left renal vein

48
Q

What is LH (Luteinizing Hormone) ?

A

stimulates maturation of follicle and is responsible for graafian follicular rupture causing ovulation.
- stimulates endometrial growth

49
Q

What hormone does the Hypothalamus produce?

A

Gonadotropic releasing hormone (GnRH)

50
Q

What is FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)?

A

stimulates growth and development of ovarian follicles.

Theca cells produce estrogen, stimulates endometrial growth

51
Q

What does a corpus luteum cyst secrete?

A

Progesterone and estrogen

  • ovulation of dominant follicles
  • resolves by 16 weeks gestation
52
Q

What is Mittleschmerz?

A

Unilateral pelvic pain occurs mid cycle at ovulation

53
Q

What is the Follicular phase?

A
  • days 1-14
54
Q

What is Ovulation?

A
  • Day 14

- A surge of LH secretion follicular membrane usually 24-36 hours after surge

55
Q

What is the luteal phase?

A
  • days 15-28
56
Q

What is the mentrual phase?

A
  • days 1-5, endo thickeness: thin
  • shedding of endometrial layer and blood cells occurs and expelled in menses
  • follicular phase of ovaries
  • FSH, estrogen
57
Q

What is the proliferative phase?

A
  • days 6-14, endo thickness: 4-8 mm
  • 3 line sign
  • follicular phase of ovaries, ovulation
  • FSH, estrogen, LH
58
Q

What is the secretory phase?

A
  • days 15-28, endo thickness: 8-16 mm
  • beginning at ovulation, possible implantation of uterus
  • luteal phase of ovaries
  • progesterone
59
Q

What is Hydrometrocolpos?

A

fluid in uterus and vagina

60
Q

What is hematocolpos?

A

blood in vagina

61
Q

What is the normal measurement of endo in post menopausal women?

A
  • 4-5 mm with Hx of bleeding
  • < 8 mm in asymptomatic patient
  • 10 - 12 mm on therapy
62
Q

What is endometrial hyperplasia?

A

increased growth of endometrial tissue

63
Q

What is complete agenesis?

A

no vagina, fallopian tubes, uterus, Cx

64
Q

What is partial agenesis?

A

no upper vagina and cervix

65
Q

What is Uterus Didelphys?

A

duplication of vagina, cervix, and uterus

66
Q

What is a Bicornuate Uterus?

A

Most common Mullarian anomaly!!

- single vagina, one or two cervix, lack of fusion of upper uterine cavity

67
Q

What is a septated uterus? (Failure of Dissolution)

A

medium septum fails to dissolve after fusion of the two seperate mullerian ducts.
- Single vagina, cervix, and uterus with intrauterine septum

68
Q

What is a submucous leiomyoma?

A

beneatth endometrial cavity

- most commonly produce symptoms

69
Q

What is a intramural/ interstitial fibroid?

A

within myometrium

70
Q

what is a subserous fibroid?

A

beneath perimetrium

71
Q

What is a intraligamentous fibroid?

A

between layers of broad ligament

72
Q

What is a pedunculated fibroid?

A

on a pedicle or stalk, only occurs with submucous and subserous.
- can cause torsion

73
Q

What is adenomyosis?

A

benign invasion of endometrial glands and stroma into myometrium

  • most common affect posterior myometrium
  • venetian blind shadowing
74
Q

Cervical cancer

A
  • second most common GYN malignancy

- bleeding is most common symptom

75
Q

What is hydrometra?

A

collection of serous fluid within endometrial cavity

76
Q

What is endometrial carcinoma?

A
  • most common encountered gynecologic malignancy 75-80% occurs in postmenopausal women.
  • thickened endometrium >4-5 mm
77
Q

What is endometrial hyperplasia?

A

proliferation of endometrial glandular tissue, can turn into endometrial carcinoma

78
Q

What is a functional cyst of an ovary? AKA: Follicular cysts

A

active cysts that usually result from the stimulation of the released pituitary gonadotropins

  • most common cause of ovarian enlargement in young women`
  • caused by overstimulation of follicle that fails to rupture
  • measure 3-8 cm
79
Q

What is the measurement of a normal dominant follicle?

A

3 cm

80
Q

What is a theca lutein cyst?

A
  • largest functional cyst
  • multilocular and bilateral
  • high levels of HCG associated with gestational trophoblastic disease or hCG infertility treatment
81
Q

What is a hemorrhagic cyst?

A

ovarian cyst may hemorrhage into the lumen, large size

- internal echoes

82
Q

What is PCOS?

A

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

  • AKA stein- leventhal syndrome
  • chronic anovulation
  • bilateral multiple cysts < 1cm
  • ovarian volume >10 cm
  • string of pearls
83
Q

What is a epithelial tumor?

A

tumors arising from the surface epithelium that covers the ovary account for 65-75% of all ovarian neoplasms.

84
Q

What are the five categories for epithelial tumors?

A
  1. serous
  2. mucinous
  3. endometroid
  4. clear cell
  5. transitional cell (brenner)
85
Q

What is a serous cystadenoma tumor?

A

benign ovarian neoplasms

cancer: serous cystadenocarcinoma

86
Q

What is a mucinous cystadenoma tumor?

A

epithelial neoplasm

87
Q

What is a cystic teratoma?

A

AKA: Dermoid

  • most common benign tumor of ovary
  • germ cell tumor
  • ” tip of the iceberg “
88
Q

What is a Dysgerminoma?

A

A malignant germ cell tumor originating from the primordial germ cells of ovary

  • occur in women before 30 years old
  • most common malignancy in childhood
89
Q

What is a endodermal sinus tumor? (yolk sac)

A
  • second most common malignancy

- Increased levels of AFP

90
Q

What is a fibroma?

A
  • benign stromal tumor
91
Q

What is Meig’s syndrome?

A

Ascites and pleural effusion with a fibrous ovarian tumor ( most common fibroma)

92
Q

What is a thecoma?

A
  • benign stromal tumor
  • produces estrogen
  • occurs in postmenopausal women
93
Q

What is a granulosa cell tumor?

A

hormonal tumor, produces estrogen

- result from precocious puberty

94
Q

What is a krukenberg tumor?

A

arises from the GI primary, usually gastric carcinoma

- also from colon or appendix

95
Q

Know about ovarian cancer

A
  • fifth leading cause of cancer death and fifth most common cancer in women
  • family history of breast cancer
  • early menses, late menopause
96
Q

What are parovarian cyst?

A

persistent developmental remnants of the Wolffian ducts

- adjacent to ovary

97
Q

what is a endometrioma?

A

collection of extravasated endometrial tissue

OB/GYN Boards!! (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions