NONSURGICAL FACIAL REJUVENATION AND SKIN RESURFACING

Question 1

Hallmarks of aged skin

Answer 1

Irregularities in surface texture, pigmentation and wrinkling

Question 2

Thinnest skin is found in?

Answer 2

Upper lid and neck

Question 3

Thickest skin is found in?

Answer 3

Nasal tip

Question 4

Skin is composed of?

Answer 4

Outer epidermis, Deeper dermis and subcutaneous fat

Question 5

Principal function of epidermis

Answer 5

1. Responsible for protection from sun,
2. Acts as lipid barrier for water exchange.

Question 6

Superficial most layer of epidermis

Answer 6

Stratum corneum - composed of devitalised cells that are continually replaced by precursor cells migrating from Dermoepidermal junction

Question 7

Layers of dermis

Answer 7

1.Superficial papillary dermis
2. Deeper reticular dermis

Question 8

Extent of papillary dermis

Answer 8

Begins at type III collagen-rich basement membrane, and is composed of loose areolar tissue with a dense capillary network.

Question 9

Function of papillary dermis

Answer 9

1. Nourishes the overlying epidermis
2. Heat exchange with the environment
3. Capillary network helps distinguish papillary dermis from deeper reticular dermis.

Question 10

Composition of reticular dermis

Answer 10

1. Composed of Type I collagen
2. Accounts for majority of skin thickness

Question 11

Inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, mast cells are found in which layer of skin?

Answer 11

Reticular dermis

Question 12

Dermal appendages includes?

Answer 12

Hair follicles, Sebaceous glands and Sweat glands

Question 13

Important function of dermal appendages

Answer 13

Important for re-epithelization

Question 14

Dermal appendages are located in which layer of skin?

Answer 14

Papillary dermis

Question 15

Skin depth at forehead

Answer 15

0.2 cm

Question 16

Skin depth at menton

Answer 16

0.5 cm

Question 17

Skin depth at nasolabial fold, cheek, zygomatic process

Answer 17

0.1 cm

Question 18

Common age related skin changes

Answer 18

1. Skin laxity
2. Pigment changes
3. Keratoses
4. Wrinkles

Question 19

Solar damages skin by causing ?

Answer 19

Actinic irregularities - that are characterised histologically by epidermal hyperplasia and keratinocyte proliferation causing seborrheic and actinic keratoses.

Question 20

Treatment of actinic and seborrheic keratoses

Answer 20

1. Curettage and cryotherapy if isolated,
2. Full facial resurfacing in form of chemical peel, mechanical dermabrasion, ablation, for broad targeting.

Question 21

Pigmentary changes cause by age and photo damage

Answer 21

1. Asynchronous melanin distribution and basilar hyperpigmentation or dyschromias.
2. Melanocytes are disrupted leading to collection of excess pigment (lentigines)
3. Increased number of basal melanocytes and increased deposition of melanin in keratinocytes

Question 22

Treatment of pigmentary changes of skin caused by age and photo damage

Answer 22

Targeted destruction of melanocytes in the basal layer of epidermis
1. Lasers that are absorbed by melanin
2. Intense pulsed light
3. Trichloroacetic acid peels