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Foundations of Social Psyc > Non Verbal Communication > Flashcards

Non Verbal Communication Flashcards

1
Q

NVC is Central re Emotional Contagion 1

A

Transference of an emotion from one animal to

another or from group to group

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2
Q

NVC is Central re Emotional Contagion 2

A

Expressed through facial expressions, body

language, vocalizations, behaviour or words

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3
Q

NVC is Central re Emotional Contagion 3

A

Humans are primed to “catch” others’ emotions

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4
Q

NVC is Central re Emotional Contagion 4

A

Automatic

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5
Q

NVC is Central re Emotional Contagion 5

A

Adaptive?

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6
Q

NVC is Central re Emotional Contagion 6

A

Biologically underpinned by mirror neurons

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7
Q

NVC is Central re Emotional Contagion 7

A 
Special class of brain cell that fires when we act but
also when we observe that act
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8
Q

NVC is Central re Emotional Contagion 8

A

Understanding others is not just cognitive but also
underpinned by a hard-wired drive to simulate
feelings

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9
Q

% of communication thats NVC

A

93%

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10
Q

Functions of NVC

A

Conveys info
Accentuates info
Contradiction
Regulates Conversation

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11
Q

kinesics

A

the study of body movements, gestures,

facial expression i.e. everything non-vocal

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12
Q

. Paralinguistic features

A

the non-lexical elements of
speech i.e. inflection, pitch, rate, volume, silence,
pronunciation, articulation etc.

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13
Q

Oculesics

A

the study of gaze related communication

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14
Q

Olfactics

A

the role of odour and smell

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15
Q

Proxemics

A

the spaces between people

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16
Q

Oculesics – Eyes as a clue to perception

A
  1. Eyes give us lots of different information
  2. Very young children ‘gaze track’
  3. As adults we find it hard to resist doing this
17
Q

Darwin - 1872 1

A

The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals

18
Q

Darwin - 1872 2

A

Argued that facial expression are biologically

determined / product of evolution

19
Q

Darwin - 1872 3

A

A state of mind causes ‘muscular discharge’
(e.g. sets of facial muscle contractions) and
these express that state of mind

20
Q

Darwin - 1872 4

A

Some expressions are true instinctual reflexes and

others result from learned association / habit

21
Q

Darwin - 1872 5

A

Functional adaptations?

22
Q

Darwin - 1872 6

A

Universal in that all peoples express to some

extent

23
Q

Darwin - 1872 7

A

Widespread - Not just about humans

24
Q

Ekman, Friesen, & Ellsworth (1972)

A 
1. Cross cultural work with photos of
facial emotions
2. Challenged Mead’s claim that the meaning of facial
expressions were determined by culture
3. Claimed to find ‘universality’ on the expression of
six ‘basic’ emotions
4. Developed the Facial Action Coding
System (FACS)
25
Q

Ekman’s 6 basic emotions

A

Happiness Sadness
Fear Anger
Disgust Surprise
(later added contempt)

26
Q

Ekman et al (various work)

A

Micro-Expressions - brief, involuntary facial
expressions that show on the face according to the
emotions someone is experiencing.

27
Q

Haptics

A
  1. Something as basic as a greeting can speak volumes
  2. Haptics are significantly shaped by culture
  3. Haptics shaped by status
28
Q

Haptic Categories – Heslin, 1974

A

a) Functional / professional touching
b) Social / polite touching
c) Friendship / warmth touching
d) Love / intimacy touching
e) Sex / arousal touching

29
Q

The Role of Nature

A
  1. Darwin / Ekman points about universality
  2. Animal studies
  3. Developmental sequence – using & comprehending
30
Q

The Role of Nurture

A
  1. All aspects of NVC mediated by social factors –
    type of relationship, roles involved, authority &
    power, familiarity etc.
  2. Relationship displays, roles etc. all moderated by
    structural factors
31
Q

Ekman & O’Sullivan (1991)

- lie detection

A
  1. Only Secret Service agents were able to detect
    liars at a rate that statistically exceeded chance
  2. How? - NVC – Especially micro expressions, some
    just micro seconds in length
  3. People can be taught to detect and read these but
    a lengthy process
32
Q

Feldman, 1999

A
  1. Older adolescents better liars than younger ones
  2. Younger or older females were better liars than
    their male counterparts
  3. Most talented liars had higher levels of social
    competence
  4. Poorer social skills were correlated with lower
    ability to control NVC

Foundations of Social Psyc (2 decks)

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