Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NAVLE Prep > Non-Species Specific > Flashcards

Non-Species Specific Flashcards

1
Q

Which three hormones regulate ionized serum calcium (Ca) levels?

A

Parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol D3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are stereotypies?

A

Stereotypies are abnormally frequent, repetitive, nonproductive behaviors that could indicate poor animal welfare conditions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How long do most states require medical records to be kept?

A

3 - 5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is immediate?

A

Type I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When an antigen is presented in a Type I hypersensitivity reaction, what happens in the body?

A

B cells produce IgE antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A prolonged activated clotting time (ACT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is indicative of?

A

Hemophilia A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Dogs or cats with hemophilia A typically have less than 10% of what clotting factor?

A

Factor VIII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of suture material is commonly used on skin?

A

Nylon and prolene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Prolene is what type of suture?

A

Monofilament, non-absorbable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of suture is PDS (polydioxanone)?

A

Monofilament, absorbable (degraded by hydrolysis in ~ 180 days)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which two suture patterns are used for closing hollow viscera and why?

A

Connell and Cushing, because each creates a watertight seal and are effective at inverting tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the difference between the Connell and Cushing suture patterns?

A

The Connell goes through the lumen but the Cushing only goes through the submucosa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name two everting suture patterns.

A

Horizontal and vertical mattress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Topical insecticides are regulated by what agency?

A

EPA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the purpose of a case study?

A

To generate a hypothesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which clotting factors are dependent on Vitamin K?

A

Factors II, VII, IX, and X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the Five Domains?

A

Nutrition, physical environment, health, behavioral interactions, and mental state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Specificity defines the numbers of what in testing?

A

True negatives and false positives

19
Q

Sensitivity defines the number of what?

A

True positives and false negatives

20
Q

What kind of toxic plant can cause acute death?

A

Milkweed - a cardiac glycoside

21
Q

What does bracken fern cause?

A

In ruminants, it causes bone marrow depression with clinical signs appearing after approximately 3 months

22
Q

What does moldy sweet clover cause?

A

Coagulopathy via vitamin K antagonism after consumption over a long period of time

23
Q

What does ragwort cause?

A

Liver disease after several months

24
Q

Lactate is primarily metabolized by what organ?

A

Liver - the kidneys and skeletal muscle also metabolize lactate to a lesser extent

25
Q

What value of lactate is considered normal?

A

> 2.25 mmol/L

26
Q

Lactate values are used to predict survival in what two species and under what circumstances?

A

Dogs: in gastric dilatation volvulus
Horses: colic and sepsis

27
Q

Which suture pattern is used to help appose tissues that have increased tension?

A

Ford interlocking pattern

28
Q

What dog breeds can have a genetic zinc deficiency and what can it cause?

A

Siberian huskies, Alaskan Malamutes, Samoyeds, Doberman Pinschers, and Great Danes. It can cause zinc responsive dermatosis at mucocutaneous junctions, pressure points, and periocular and perioral regions.

29
Q

What is the primary cause of diabetes mellitus (DM) in dogs?

A

Immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic islet cells

30
Q

What are the primary causes of diabetes mellitus (DM) in cats?

A

Insulin resistance, beta-cell exhaustion, and pancreatic amyloid deposition

31
Q

An anti-inflammatory injectable dose of a corticosteroid is contraindicated in what animal and why?

A

A pregnant cow because the cow is the only animal susceptible to corticosteroid-induced parturition.

32
Q

Which hormone is essential to maintain pregnancy in all domestic animals?

A

Progesterone

33
Q

In animal welfare, what are the three circles of the Three Circles Model?

A
  • physical health
  • natural living
  • affective states
34
Q

What does positional, vertical nystagmus indicate?

A

Central vestibular disease

35
Q

How many adult teeth does a pig have?

A

44

36
Q

How many adult teeth does a dog have?

A

42

37
Q

How many adult teeth does a horse have?

A

36-44

38
Q

How many adult teeth does a cat have?

A

30

39
Q

How many adult teeth does a ruminant have?

A

32

40
Q

What is the physiologic effect of an ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitor?

A

vasodilation

41
Q

What plant is this and what does it cause?

A

Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) contains cardiac glycosides which cause arrhythmias or asystole, hyperkalemia, vomiting and diarrhea. Can be lethal. Also used to make digoxin.

42
Q

What plant is this and what does it cause?

A

Oleander (Nerium oleander) contains cardiac glycosides which cause arrhythmias or asystole, hyperkalemia, vomiting and diarrhea. Can be lethal.

43
Q
A

NAVLE Prep (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions