Non-regenerative Anaemias

Question 1

How can you divide differentials for non-regenerative anaemia?

Answer 1

Medullary - primary or secondary
Extra-medullary

Question 2

List extra-medullary causes of non-regenerative anaemia

Answer 2

Renal - CKD, congenital, AKI
Endocrine - HypoT, HypoAC
Hepatic disease
Pancreatitis
Neoplasia
GI - B12 deficiency
Iron deficiency- chronic GI bleeds (iatrogenic, neoplasia, IBD, parasites), chronic haematuria (idiopathic renal haematuria, neoplasia), other loss (parasites, epistaxis)

Question 3

List primary medullary causes non-regenerative anaemia

Answer 3

Myelodysplasia
Myelopthisis
Aplastic anaemia
Myeloproliferative syndromes
Primary myelofibrosis
Congenital - dyserythropoeisis (springer spaniels), inherited B12 malabsorption (beagles schnauzers, border collie, Australian shepard)
Neoplasia- chronic granulocytic leukaemia, acute and chronic leukaemia, multiple myeloma
Bone marrow necrosis

Question 4

List secondary medullary causes non-regenerative anaemia

Answer 4

Infectious - FIV, FeLV, parvovirus ehrlichia, bartonella (dogs), sepsis
Drugs - antimicrobials, chemo, oestrogen, phenobarb, Cu deficiency from chelating therapy
Toxins - aflatoxin, aluminium to iconic
Neoplasia- settling cell tumours, lymphoma, histiocytic disease
Congenital - PK deficiency and osteosclerosis (beagles, basenji, whwt, dachshund, eskimo), B12 malabsorption Cu deficiency