Non Parenteral MEDS Flashcards
Medication Names
●Chemical names – nurses rarely use
●Generic
●Trade
Classification
●Group of meds that work similarly
●Have similar chemical makeup
●Treat similar conditions
Medication Forms
●Pills
●Injection
●Liquid
●Suppository
●Topical
●Orifice Drops/Sprays
●Troches
Non Prenteral Medication
Introducing proper administration of:
■Oral medications
■Topical medications
■ Suppositories
■ Eye medications
■Ear medications
■Inhalant medications
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR)
■Side Effects
¤Predictable
¤Intensity is dose dependent
¤Development depends varies
Examples:
~Drowsiness with antihistamines
~Gastric irritation with aspirin
Adverse Reactions
■Toxicity – severe ADR
▪︎Excessive drug dosing or therapeutic ▪︎drug dosage
Examples
~Respiratory depression from morphine
~Hypoglycemia from overdose of insulin
~Neutropenia from anticancer drugs
Adverse Reactions/ Allergic Response
■Immune response
■Intensity of reaction varies
■Not based on dosage
■Sensitivity of drug can change overtime
Medications Form Oral
●Tablets/caplets/capsules
●Modified release
~Delayed release-enteric coated
~Extended release - controlled release, sustained release and long acting
~Oral disintegrating -disintegrates in mouth
●Syrups
●Suspensions
Avoid PO Meds if
●Changes in LOC
●NPO status
●Altered GI function
●NG Tube with suction
●N/V
**●Dysphagia
PO MEDS NOT to crush, split or Chew
■Enteric coated - EC
■Sustained release - SR
■Time released – TR
■Controlled delivery – CR
■Sublingual - SL
■Buccal
Buccal and Sublingual Medications
Assess mouth for ulcerations or abrasions, which could alter absorption or cause pain.Hold the medication and contact the physician if the patient has ulcerations or abrasions.
Offer the patient a drink of water before medication administration. It will help the drug dissolve more easily.
Sublingual - administer the sublingual medication by instructing the patient to hold the medication under the tongue until it is completely dissolved.
Administer buccal medication in the pocket between the gum and cheek until it is completely dissolved. –
**instruct the patient it is best to alternate dose placement-the left side then right side for the next dose.
Caution the patient against chewing the tablet or touching it with his tongue to prevent accidental swallowing.
Encourage patient not to drink liquids or eat for 2-5 minutes to allow medication to dissolve.
Topical Medications
Applied to body surfaces
■Skin application
■Eye Instillation
■Ear Instillation
■Vaginal Instillation
■Rectal Instillation
Types of Topical Meds
■Powders
■Creams/Pastes/Gel/Ointments
■Drops
■Ointments
■ Aerosols or sprays
■ Medicated Patches
■Suppositories
Transdermal medicated Patches
KEY POINTS: Remove & Clean previous area before replacing - Why? Place where next?
● Proper Removal & Replacement
●Date, Time & Initial
●Wear Gloves - When?
●Most are “DO NOT CUT” – know med
●Remove for MRI, AED
●Avoid Heating Pads
Rectal Suopositories
■Explain procedure
■ Left lateral side-lying (SIMS)
■Don gloves – remove packaging
■ Prep the med
■Relaxation techniques
■Proper Insertion
■Patient teaching
Vaginal Medications
■Explain procedure
■ Position – Lithotomy – Peri-Care?
■Don gloves – remove packaging
■Proper Insertion/Application
■Patient Teaching
■Patient may administer own
■ May need perineal pad
Administering Eye Medications/Eye Drop
■Know the med & why
■Explain procedure & instructions?
■Don gloves – why?
■Position of pt & eyelid
■Instill as prescribed – where?
■Tip of bottle or tube must not touch eye or lashes – why?
■ Tissue? Pressure?
Administering Ear Medications/Ear Drops
Warm medication
■Explain procedure & instructions
■ Don gloves
■ Turn head or lie on unaffected side
■ Position auricle
■Instill prescribed amount
■ Don’t medicate opposite ear immediately
Inhalants
Common Uses
■ Purpose/Mechanism of Action
■MDI vs DPI
■Care of Inhalers
■Spacers
■Nebulizer
Administering Inhalants
●Explain procedure
●Position patient and inhaler spacer
●Sshake the MDI 5 to 6 times
● instructions - deep breathe then exhale ~ tilt head back slightly ~ depress canister 1 time and inhale slowly
● hold breath approx 5 to 10 secs or more
● wait 1 min the repeat if recquired.
Rinse mouth
MDI Spacers
■Attach mouthpiece of inhaler to spacer.
■Shake inhaler
■Patient seals mouth on spacer
■Press inhaler than inhale. Breathe in.
■Remove inhaler from spacer and recap both.
DPI
■Usually has dose counter
■Pull the lever back to load inhaler
■Hold it flat like a hamburger. Do not tilt.
■Put mouth around mouthpiece after exhaling.
■Quickly inhale. Hold breathe.
■Take empty capsule and throw away. Clean mouthpiece.
***strong medication taste in mouth, did not do it correctly.
Multiple Inhalers
■Wait at least 2-5 minutes between medication
■Bronchodilators - first
■ Steroids – second
■Rinse – why
