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cytogen > non mendelian and pattern of inheritance > Flashcards

non mendelian and pattern of inheritance Flashcards

1
Q

affected by several loci

A

non mendelians

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2
Q

do not follow simple dominance

A

non mendelian

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3
Q

Describes the inheritance of traits linked to single genes on chromosome in nucleus

A

non mendelian

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4
Q

Describes the inheritance of traits linked to single genes on chromosome in nucleus

A

non mendelian

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5
Q

blending of trait

A

inc dominance

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6
Q

A condition when during the heterozygous condition the dominant allele does not completely
overpower the recessive allele

A

codominance / inc dominance

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7
Q

Neither allele is dominant or recessive

A

codominance

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8
Q

not blending

A

codominance

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9
Q

1:2:1

A

inc dominance

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10
Q

Dominant allele only partially mask the presence of
recessive trait

A

inc dominance

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11
Q

recessive/dominant: A

A

dominant

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12
Q

recessive/dominant: B

A

dominant

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13
Q

recessive/dominant: O

A

recessive

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14
Q

4 phenotype of abo system

A

a, b, ab, o

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15
Q

give the genotype: A

A

AA or AO

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16
Q

give the genotype: B

A

BB or BO

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17
Q

give the genotype: AB

A

AB

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18
Q

give the genotype: O

A

OO

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19
Q

amorph gene or the silent gene

A

O phenotype (does not produce any antigen)

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20
Q

Inheritance pattern for traits that are
controlled by more than one gene

A

POLYGENIC
INHERITANCE

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21
Q

There is a phenotype gradient

A

POLYGENIC
INHERITANCE

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22
Q

controlled by multiple genes

A

POLYGENIC
INHERITANCE

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23
Q

Multiple genes affects the inheritance of 1 trait

A

POLYGENIC
INHERITANCE

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24
Q

Genes capable of causing death of organism carrying them

A

lethal genes

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25
Q

The effect on phenotype is profoundly negative and causes the organism to exhibit many
disadvantageous characteristics which can lead to death

A

lethal genes

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26
Q

Death from genetic disease can occur at any stage of development or life.

A

lethal genes

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27
Q

very true in homozygous condition

A

lethal genes

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28
Q

disease destroying nerve cell

A

huntingtons disease (lethal genes)

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29
Q

associated with death

A

lethal genes

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30
Q

achondroplasia is an example of ?

A

lethal genes

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31
Q

having both achondroplasia parent, what is the chances that the offspring will die as embryos?

A

1:4 or 25%

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32
Q

among the survivors offspring of both achondroplasia parents, what are the chances of them having a normal height offspring

A

1:3 or 33%

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33
Q

among the survivors offspring of both achondroplasia parents, what are the chances of them having a achondroplasia offspring

A

2:3 or 67%

34
Q

charts are used to display family relationships

A

pedigrees

35
Q

depict which relatives
have specific phenotypes and sometimes genotypes

A

pedigrees

36
Q

under pedigrees: filled shapes

A

person expresses trait

37
Q

half filled shapes

A

carriers

38
Q

sex unspecified

A

diamond

39
Q

roman numerals meaning

A

number of generation

40
Q

arabic numerals

A

number of individual in a generation

41
Q

arrow

A

person who prompted pedigree analysis (proband)

42
Q

vertical broken lines

A

adoption

43
Q

Interaction between alleles in heterozygotes

A

patterns of inheritance

44
Q

one allele controls the phenotype

A

dominant

45
Q

one parent must have the trait

A

dominant

46
Q

does not skip generation

A

dominant

47
Q

not expressed in heterozygotes

A

recessive

48
Q

neither parent is required to have the trait since they can be heterozygous

A

recessive

49
Q

autosomal ratio

A

If it is 50/50 ratio between men and women

50
Q

the gene in question is located on one of the numbered chromosome or nonsex chromosome

A

AUTOSOMAL

51
Q

X-Linked transmission

A

Transmission of traits depends on the genes in sex chromosome

52
Q

male to male transmission is not observed

A

x -linked

53
Q

One mutated copy of the gene in each cell is sufficient for a person to be affected

A

autosomal dominant

54
Q

autosomal dominant transmission

A

MALE & FEMALE can transmit the trait to their offspring

55
Q

in autosomal dom, if 1 affected parent how many offspring will be affected

A

1/2

56
Q

autosomal dominant: both parent are affected then?

A

Homozygote for the dominant
condition -> severe condition

57
Q

Need 2 mutated copies of gene for it to manifest

A

autosomal recessive

58
Q

Appears in MALE = FEMALE

A

autosomal dominant and recessive

59
Q

in autosomal recessive, affected person can have unaffected parents (t or f )

A

true

60
Q

percentage of the progeny that will be affected in autosomal recessive

A

25%

61
Q

Show fewer affected individual

A

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE

62
Q

Skipping of generation

A

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE

63
Q

Unaffected individual can have affected offspring

A

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE

64
Q

autosomal recessive diseases

A

Ex: Cystic fibrosis, Albinism

65
Q

more common in female than male

A

x linked dominant

66
Q

in x linked dom, affected father will affect (daughter or son)?

A

daughters

67
Q

in x linked dom, affected mother will affect (daughter or son)?

A

son and daughter (50:50)

68
Q

xlinked dominance: Severe effect in male because there is
no other allele to mask its effects (t or f)

A

true

69
Q

more common on males than females

A

x linked recessive

70
Q

always expressed in males

A

x linked recessive

71
Q

affected sons are born to affected or unaffected mother? (x linked recessive)

A

affected

72
Q

male to male transmission in x -linked recessive (t or f)

A

false

73
Q

some of daughters of affected father will become carrier ( tor F)

A

false (ALL daughters)

74
Q

EX: Hemophilia A and G6PD

A

x linked recessive

75
Q

HOLANDRIC Inheritance

A

y linked recessive

76
Q

only males are affected

A

y linked recessive

77
Q

it is passed from father to all sons under y linked recessive (t or f)

A

true

78
Q

in y linked recessive, it does not skip generations ( true or false)

A

true (even though it is recessive)

79
Q

Mutations in mitochondrial DNA

A

mitochondrial inheritance

80
Q

maternal inheritance

A

mitochondrial inherti

81
Q

only daughters can pass it to their children

A

mitochondrial

82
Q

affect both m and f

A

mitochondrial

cytogen (1 decks)

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