Non lung-cancer thoracic surgery Flashcards
What other reasons do we perform thoracic surgery for?
Lung Abscess Empyema Thymic Tumours Tracheal surgery Benign Lung Tumours Pneumothorax/Bullous Lung Disease Bronchogenic Cysts Lung Transplant
What are the most common causes of lung AbscesS?
PNEUMONIA aspiration Pulmonary ThromboEmbolism (PTE) Septic Emboli Lung Cancer
How can you see a lung abscess on a CXR?
By the visible fluid level.
What are the common causes of empymemelord?
Pneumonia Post-op Oesophageal Osteomyelitis Post-traumatic
How can an empyema cause a ‘trapped lung’?
The pus can cause an inflammatory response in the pleura leading to them thickening, this can prevent lung expansion once the pus is cleared.
How do we treat an empyema?
With urgent drainage and IV antibiotics.
How do we treat a ‘trapped’ lung following empyema?
Pleurectomy & Decortication.
Basicaly pealing off the pleura to allow the lung to expand again.
What are all thymic tumours removed rapidly regardless of malignancy?
To prevent them spreading to sensitive areas like the aortic arch or heart itself.
Name some types of thymic tumour:
Thymoma/Thymic Carcinoma
Thymolipoma
Carcinoid tumours
Lymphoma
What kind of tracheal surgery do we do?
Repairing iatrogenic injury
Removing salivary gland tumours and squamous carcinoma
What kind of benign lung tumours can arise?
Hamartoma Fibroma Lipoma Neural Tumours Papilloma Chondroma (cartilaginous)
Why is a recurrent pnemothorax often a haemopneumothorax?
Because adhesions from healing the first time are torn the second time leading to blood in the pleural cavity.
What is bullous lung disease?
An space of trapped air growing in the lung, can fill the entire hemithorax
What is a persistant pneumothorax?
One that fails to drain (i.e. the whole wont seal)
When do we perform surgery on a pneumonthorax?
If its recurrent, persistant or the person needs it prevented for a special reason (e.g. military, pilot etc)