Non Fiction Terminology Flashcards
Argument
Statements used to justify an opinion. A true argument includes a claim, evidence and interpretation.
Claim
An opinion that can be justified with more evidence and interpretation. Can be referring to the main idea/point in an argument.
Counter Argument
An opposing interpretation of evidence challenging your claim rather than supporting it.
Evidence
The part of the argument that is interpreted in the claim. Based on facts, examples, statistics, etc.
Fallacy
A weak interpretation of evidence, as opposed to a valid, strong one. Such as generalizations, faulty or strained analogy, etc.
Interpretation
The bridge between evidence and your claim. Sometimes referee to as the warrant backing of your argument.
Justification
Defines a claim as something worth arguing about, requiring evidence and interpretation in order to be believed.
Grounds
Evidence and interpretation combined in support of your claim.
Warrant
A belief, rule, or principle underlying an argument.
Major Proposition
The main point of an argument, supported by minor propositions.
Minor Proposition
Reasons you give that support the major proposition.
Fact
A verifiable statement.
Opinion
A judgment based on facts and reasoning.
Induction
A process of reasoning where you develop evidence in order to reach useful generalizations.
Deduction
A process of reasoning that goes from the general to the particular.
Conclusion
Derives logically from the major and minor propositions. Arriving at a decision by reasoning the previous evidence.
Refutation
Acknowledging opposing viewpoints, and being able to counter them effectively in order to persuade readers.
