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Aircraft Material > Non Ferrous & Ferrous Metals > Flashcards

Non Ferrous & Ferrous Metals Flashcards

1
Q

The term that describes metals
which have elements other than
iron as their base is ________

A

nonferrous

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2
Q

Aluminum is found in most clays, soils and rocks, but the principal commercial source is the ________.

A

ore bauxite

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3
Q

The 1xxx series of aluminum alloys
represents

A

commercially pure aluminum, of
99 percent or higher purity

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4
Q

Alloys within the 2xxx series utilize
________ as the principle alloying agent

A

copper

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5
Q

However, a major drawback to aluminum copper alloys is their susceptibility to ________ when improperly heat-treated.

A

inter-granular corrosion

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6
Q

Two of the most commonly
used in the construction of skins and rivets are ____ and ____.

A

2017 and 2024

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7
Q

The 3xxx series alloys have ________
as the principle alloying element, and
are generally considered __________

A

manganese, non-heat
treatable

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8
Q

The most common variation
is _____ , which offers moderate strength
and has goodworking characteristics.

A

3003

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9
Q

The 4xxx series aluminum is alloyed with ________ , which lowers a metal’s melting temperature. This results in an
alloy that works well for _________.

A

silicon, welding and brazing.

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10
Q

(5xxx series) These alloys possess good welding and corrosion-resistance characteristics.

A

Magnesium

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11
Q

which series has medium strength with good forming and corrosion-resistance properties.

A

6xxx series

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12
Q

If __________ are added to aluminum, the
resultant alloy carries a 6xxx series designation

A

silicon and magnesium

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13
Q

The 7xxx series aluminum alloys are made harder and stronger by the addition of ____

A

zinc

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14
Q

Some widely used forms of zinc-aluminum alloys are _______ .

A

7075 and 7178 (stronger)

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15
Q

1xxx to 7xxx

A

Pure Aluminum
Copper
Manganese
Silicon
Magnesium
Silicon + Magnesium
Zinc

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16
Q

a series of operations involving the
heating and cooling of metals in their solid state

A

Heat Treatment

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17
Q

Types of Heat Treatment:
It is the process of heating certain aluminum alloys to allow the alloying elements to mix with the base metal.

A

Solution Heat Treatment (Natural Aging)

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18
Q

Types of Heat Treatment:
Works by accelerating the aging process by cooling at an elevated temperature.

A

Precipitation Heat Treatment
(Artificial Aging

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19
Q

a form of heat treatment that softens steel and relieves internal stress.

A

Annealing

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20
Q

In Annealing, It is
heated about ___ degrees F above its critical temperature, soaked for specified time then
cooled.

A

50

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21
Q

the process of forging, welding, or machining usually leave stresses to the steel
that could lead to failure

A

Normalizing

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22
Q

To normalize, it is heated about ____ degrees F above it critical temperature and held there until the metal is _____ , then removed
from the furnace and allowed to cool in still ai

A

100 , uniformly heat soaked

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23
Q

reduces the brittleness imparted by hardening and produces definite
physical properties within the steel.

A

Tempering

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24
Q

does not benefit from heat treatment since there are no alloying materials in its structure.

A

Commercially pure aluminum

25
Q

It is perhaps the most important of the non-heat-treatable aluminum alloys. It contains about 2.5 percent magnesium and a small amount of chromium.

A

Alloy 5052

26
Q

Alloy 5052 is used
for ______ such as gasoline or oil tanks, and for rigid fluid lines

A

welded parts

27
Q

Reheat Treatment
clad material is generally limited to no more than ______ reheat treatment

A

three

28
Q

are used for castings and in its wrought form is available in sheets, bars, tubing, and extrusions.

A

Magnesium alloys

29
Q

3 Basic Types of Crystals:
all-around performance; good weldability; tough and strong both cold and hot, and resistant to oxidation.

A

A (alpha)

30
Q

3 Basic Types of Crystals:
bendability; excellent bend ductility; strong both cold and hot, but vulnerable to contamination

A

B (beta)

31
Q

3 Basic Types of Crystals:
strong when cold and warm, but weak when hot; good bendability; moderate contamination resistance; excellent forgeability

A

C (combined a and b)

32
Q

contains about 68 percent nickel and 29 percent copper, along with small amounts of iron and manganese.

A

Monel

33
Q

a series of high strength, high temperature alloys containing approximately 80 percent nickel, 14 percent chromium, and small amounts of iron and other elements

A

Inconel

34
Q

is a copper alloy containing zinc and small amounts of aluminum, iron, lead, manganese, magnesium,
nickel, phosphorous, and tin

A

Brass

35
Q

is a copper alloy that contains tin

A

Bronze

36
Q

is probably one of the most used copper alloys. It consists of approximately 97 percent copper, 2
percent beryllium, and sufficient nickel to increase its strength.

A

Beryllium

37
Q

Any alloy containing iron as its chief
constituent is called a ________.

A

ferrous metal.

38
Q

The Society of Automotive Engineers
(SAE) has classified steel alloys with a
four-digit numerical index system. For
example, one common steel alloy is
identified by the designation SAE 1030.
The first digit identifies the _______ in the steel, the second digit denotes the ______ of this alloying

A

principal alloying element, percent

39
Q

the most common alloying element found in
steel

A

Carbon

40
Q

Low-carbon steels contain between ___ and ____ percent carbon. It is primarily used in
safety wire, cable bushings, and threaded rod ends

A

0.10 and 0.30

41
Q

Medium-carbon steels contain between ____ and ____ percent carbon. It is adaptable for machining or forging

A

0.30 and 0.50

42
Q

High-carbon steels contain between ____ and ____ percent carbon. They are primarily used in springs, files, and some cutting tools.

A

0.50 and 1.05

43
Q

causes steel to be brittle when
rolled or forged and, therefore, it must
be removed in the refining process

A

Sulfur

44
Q

If all the sulfur cannot be removed its effects can be countered by adding _______ .

A

manganese

45
Q

When _____ is alloyed with steel it
acts as a hardener. When used in
small quantities, it also improves
ductility

A

silicon

46
Q

_______ raises the yield strength of
steel and improves low carbon steel’s
resistance to atmospheric corrosion.
However, no more than ____ percent

A

Phosphorous, 0.05

47
Q

_______ adds strength and hardness to
steel and increases its yield strength

A

Nickel

48
Q

It is alloyed with steel to
increase strength and hardness as well
as improve its wear and corrosion
resistance

A

Chromium

49
Q

_____ toughens steel, and
______ hardens it. Therefore,
when both elements are alloyed
they give steel desirable characteristics for use in high-strength
structural applications.

A

Nickel, chromium
Nickel-Chromium Steel

50
Q

a classification of corrosion-resistant
steels that contain large amounts of chromium and
nickel.

A

Stainless steel

51
Q

The corrosion-resistant steel most often used in aircraft construction is known as ___ steel because it contains 18 percent chromium and 8 percent nickel

A

18-8

52
Q

also referred to as 200 and 300 series stainless steels and is a solid solution of pearlite, an alloy of iron and carbon, and gamma iron, which is a nonmagnetic form of iron.

A

Austenitic Steel

53
Q

are primarily alloyed with chromium but many also contain small amounts of aluminum and do not respond to heat treatment

A

Ferritic Steel

54
Q

____________ is a 400 series of stainless steel. These steels are alloyed with chromium only and therefore are magnetic

A

Martensitic steel

55
Q

. It reduces the grain size of steel and increases both its impact strength and elastic limit. This accounts for its use in high-strength structural members and engine cylinder barrels.

A

Molybdenum

56
Q

__________’s toughness and wear resistance
make it a good material for engine cylinders
and other highly stressedengine parts

A

Chrome-Molybdenum

57
Q

increase both ultimate tensile strength
and toughness. Most wrenches and ball
bearings are made of this

A

Vanadium

58
Q

_______ has an extremely high melting point and adds this characteristic to steel it is alloyed with

A

Tungsten

Aircraft Material (7 decks)

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