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Clinical Microbiology Test #3 > Non-fermentative Gram Neg Bacilli Glucose Oxidizers > Flashcards

Non-fermentative Gram Neg Bacilli Glucose Oxidizers Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Under what condition do these organisms grow?

A

Obligate aerobe

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2
Q

Most of these organisms are oxidase positive. Which are not?

A

Acinetobacter and Stenoteophomonas

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3
Q

What is the most common isolated glucose non-fermenter clinically?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (rarely normal flora)

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4
Q

What is the key pathogen found in patients with cystic fibrosis?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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5
Q

What is another organism that causes cystic fibrosis?

A

Burkholderia cepacia

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6
Q

causes glanders in horses, mules, etc.

A

Burkholderia mallei

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7
Q

found in soil and rice paddies

A

Burkholderia pseudomallei

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8
Q

this organism is found in hospitalized patients and is the 2nd most common glucose non-fermenter isolated clinically.

A

Acinetobacter spp.

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9
Q

found in respiratory tract of hospital patients and is the 3rd most common glucose non-fermenter isolated clinically.

A

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

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10
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa general info

A

Glucose oxidizer. oxidase pos. MAC pos. serrated edges and green pigment and metallic sheen. common cause of nosomial infections. TSI Slant- K/K, gas Neg, H2S Neg.

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11
Q

list the virulence factors of pseudomonas aeruginosa.

A

exotoxin A, Alginate, Pyocyanin, Pili, and intrinsic resistance to antimicrobials.

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12
Q

Exotoxin A inhibits what?

A

protein synthesis in host cells

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13
Q

what does alginate do?

A

surface carb that impedes phagocytosis.

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14
Q

What does pyocyanin do?

A

blue pigment produces reactive oxygen species causing tissue damage.

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15
Q

What is Pili used for?

A

for attachment to host cells.

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16
Q

list Pseudomonas pigments.

A

Pyocyanin-blue green (only produced by P. aeruginosa), Pyoverdin- yellow (visualize with UV light), Pyorubin- rust, and Pyomelanin- brown.

17
Q

what is pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to?

A

penicillin and ampicillin

18
Q

what is pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptible to?

A

aminoglycosides, extended spectrum penicillins, carbapenems, and quinolones.

19
Q

what is the most common pathogen for CF in the 1st decade of life?

A

Staph aureus and Haemophilus influenzae

20
Q

how is burkholderia cepacia spread?

A

kissing and doorknobs. able to survive on or in medical devices and disinfectants.

21
Q

general info for burkholderia cepacia.

A

oxidase pos. LDC pos. Polymyxin B resistance.

22
Q

what is media used to help isolate in CF patients.

A

OFBL and PC

23
Q

general info for burkholderia mallei

A

MAC pos. Oxidase pos.

24
Q

what do you treat glanders with?

A

tetracyclines

25
Q

how does glanders transmit?

A

NO human to human transmission. Contract via cuts and contact with horse tissues/ fluids.

26
Q

general info burkholderia pseudomallei

A

MAC pos. oxidase pos.

27
Q

how is burkholderia pseudomallei transmitted?

A

inhalation or inoculation through cuts

28
Q

which organism is the causative agent of Melioidosis (Whitmore’s disease)?

A

burkholderia pseudomallei

29
Q

what is the treatment for melioidosis (Whitmore’s disease)?

A

oral antibiotics (deoxycycline) or intravenous (ceftazidime).

30
Q

general info for Acinetobacter spp.

A

Oxidase pos. catalase pos. doesn’t reduce nitrates to nitrites (P. aeruginosa does). can create a purple hue on MAC though they’re NOT lactose fermenters. resistant to many antibiotics.

31
Q

general info for Stenoteophomonas maltophilia.

A

Strong maltose oxidizer. glucose oxidizer. oxidease NEG. MAC pos. arginine neg. ornithine neg. lysine pos. dnase pos. polymyxin B sensitive.

32
Q

Why do anaerobic organisms use the EMP pathway?

A

EMP yields more ATP than ED pathway (2 ATP/Glucose)

33
Q

what pathway is seen in more aerobic organisms?

A

ED pathway

34
Q

why do some organisms use the ED pathway?

A

ED pathway requires less enzymatic protein to carry out glucose metabolism.

35
Q

what kind of reaction is fermentation?

A

oxidation-reduction (oxygen is excluded)

36
Q

what reaction does weak acid is formed and no gas produced?

A

oxidation/oxidative

37
Q

what is the definition of oxidation?

A

any process in which the oxygen content of a compound is increased; any reaction in which the positive valence of a compound or a radical is increased because of a loss of electrons.

38
Q

what does oxidative of tubes look like?

A

acid in open tube only

Clinical Microbiology Test #3 (1 decks)

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