Nominative, Vocative & Accusative Cases Flashcards
Subject
Nominative
The subject of a finite verb.
- subject of a finite verb
Predicate Nominative
Provides further information about the subject as a complement of a copulative verb (expressing a state of being).
- gives further info about subject
- complements copulative verb
- expresses state of being
Apposition
Nominative
Further explains the subject by clarification, description, or identification.
- Clarifies subject
- Describes subject
- Identifies subject
Absolute
Nominative
Grammatically independent use of the nominative in introductory material (such as titles, headings, salutations, or addresses).
- grammatically independent
- (EX) titles, headings, salutations, addresses
Pendent Nominative
The logical rather than syntactical subject at the beginning of a sentence.
- logical subject at the start of a sentence
Address
Nominative
Used in place of a vocative in direct address.
- replaces vocative in direct address
Appellation
Nominative
Used in conjunction with an address or title where a case other than the nominative would be expected.
- used with an address/title when a case other than nominative is expected
Direct address
Vocative
The use of the articular or non-articular vocative to designate the person or thing being addressed.
- designates person or thing addressed with articular or non-articular vocative
Direct Object
Accusative
Serves as the recipient of the action.
- serves as recipient of action
Double Accusative
A verb requires more than one accusative to complete the thought, taking either (1) a personal and impersonal object or (2) a direct and predicate object.
- requires two verbs to complete the thought:
1. Personal and impersonal object
2. Direct and predicate object
Cognate Accusative
Aligned with the verb with regard to the lexical root or the idea conveyed.
- aligned with:
1. The lexical root of the verb
2. The idea conveyed by the verb
Subject of Infinitive
Accusative
Indicates the agent performing the action conveyed by the infinitive.
- indicates the agent performing action
Apposition
Accusative
Two accusatives are juxtaposed, both referring to the same person or thing with the second accusative further specifying the first accusative.
- two accusatives are juxtaposed
- both refer to the same person/thing
- second further specifies the first accusative
Manner
Accusative
Functions in essence like an adverb in that it specifies manner.
- functions as adverb of manner
Measure
(Time or Space)
(Accusative)
Functions in essence like an adverb in that it specifies measure (time or space).
- functions as adverb of time or space
Respect
(Reference)
(Accusative)
Restricts the reference of the verbal action, indicating in what regard an action is represented as true.
- indicates the level of truth supposed by the verbal action
With Oaths
Accusative
The accusative in Oaths specifies the person or thing by whom or in which a person swears an oath.
- specifies the person or thing sworn by in an oath
