Nomenclature Part 2

Question 1

Symbolized by Ar

Answer 1

Aryl group

Question 2

Arenes

Answer 2

Aromatic Compounds

Question 3

from coal distillate

Answer 3

Benzene

Question 4

from cherries, peaches, and almonds

Answer 4

Benzaldehyde

Question 5

From tolu balsam

Answer 5

Toluene

Question 6

cyclic organic compounds with:
- high degree of unsaturation
- remarkably stable and unreactive compared to alkenes

Answer 6

Aromatic Compounds

Question 7

R-O-H

Answer 7

Alcohols

Question 8

Ar-O-H

Answer 8

Phenols

Question 9

has a hydroxyl (-OH) group bonded to
an sp3 hybridized C in aliphatic group

Answer 9

alcohols

Question 10

has a hydroxyl (-OH) group bonded to
an sp2 hybridized C in aromatic group

Answer 10

Phenols

Question 11

a fuel additive, an industrial solvent, and a beverage

Answer 11

Ethanol

Question 12

a general disinfectant, commonly called carbolic acid

Answer 12

Phenol

Question 13

Properties of alcohols and phenols

Answer 13

• derivatives of water in which one hydrogen is replaced by organic components
• same geometry as water
• higher boiling points than alkanes
• both weakly basic and acidic

Question 14

reversibly protonated by strong acids to yield oxonium ions

Answer 14

as weak Lewis bases

Question 15

Protonate water in dilute aqueous solutions to yield H3O and alkoxide ion and phenoxide ion

Answer 15

as weak acids

Question 16

compounds containing an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms

Answer 16

ethers

Question 17

the familiar “ether” of medical use; frequently used as a reaction solvent; was once popular as an inhaled anesthetic

Answer 17

Diethyl ether

Question 18

R-O-R’

Answer 18

Ethers

Question 19

have lower boiling points than alcohols and phenols

Answer 19

Ethers

Question 20

alkoxyalkanes

Answer 20

Ethers

Question 21

cyclic ethers with a 3-membered ring

Answer 21

Epoxides

Question 22

sulfur analog of alcohols

Answer 22

Thiols

Question 23

Sulfhydryl/mercapto/thiol (-SH) group bonded to a hydrocarbon chain

Answer 23

Thiols

Question 24

due 3-methylbutane-1-thiol and but-2-ene-1-thiol

Answer 24

skunce scent

Question 25

part of proteins and enzymes

Answer 25

cysteine residues

Question 26

Sulfur analog of ethers

Answer 26

Thioethers/sulfides

Question 27

Derivatives of ammonia (NH3) in which one or more hydrogens are replaced by alkyr or aryl groups

Answer 27

Amines

Question 28

starting materials for preparation
of insecticides and pharmaceuticals

Answer 28

Amines

Question 29

Characteristic odors of amines

Answer 29

Trimethylamine and Diamines

Question 30

Fish-like aroma

Answer 30

Trimethylamine

Question 31

putrid

Answer 31

Diamines

Question 32

contribute to the flavors and aromas of many foods and assisting in the biological
functions of many enzymes

Answer 32

Aldehydes and Ketones are

Question 33

a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a H atom (terminal carbonyl group)

Answer 33

Aldehydes

Question 34

a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to 2 C atoms (nonterminal carbonyl
group)

Answer 34

Ketones

Question 35

an aldehyde; is a coenzyme involved in a large number of metabolic reactions (e.., transamination)

Answer 35

Pyridoxal Phosphate (PLP)

Question 36

A steroid hormone w/ ketone group; secreted by adrenal glands to regulate fat, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism

Answer 36

Cortisol (Hydrocortisone)

Question 37

produced for use in building insulation materials and in the adhesive resins that bind particle board and plywood

Answer 37

Formaldehyde (H2C=O)

Question 39

Widely used as an industrial solvent

Answer 39

Acetone [(CH3)2C=O}

Question 40

suffix of aliphatic aldehydes

Answer 40

-al

Question 41

suffix for alicyclic aldehydes

Answer 41

-carbaldehyde