Nomenclature Flashcards
1
Q
nomenclature of alkanes
A
- id longest chain
- use number prefix
- use “-ane” suffix
- id substituents
- number carbons
- substituents on lowest numbers possible
- group identical substituents together w/prefixes
- alphabetized substituents (ignore prefixes)
example = 4-isopropyl-2,3,3-trimethylheptane
(P 38-41)
2
Q
nomenclature of haloalkanes
A
- follow the same rule as simple alkanes
- use halogen prefixes
- F = fluoro-
- Cl = chloro-
- Br = bromo-
- I = iodo-
(P 41-42)
3
Q
nomenclature of alcohols
A
- denote hydroxyl group with suffix to main alkyl chain (replace “e” with “-ol”)
- place number of hydroxyl group after name of the longest C chain, before “-ol” suffix
- give hydroxyl group the lowest number possible
example = 3-methylbutan-2-ol
(P 43-44)
4
Q
1 carbon chain
A
- prefix = meth-
(P 32)
5
Q
2 carbon chain
A
- prefix = eth-
(P 32)
6
Q
3 carbon chain
A
- prefix = prop-
(P 32)
7
Q
4 carbon chain
A
- prefix = but-
(P 32)
8
Q
5 carbon chain
A
- prefix = pent-
(P 32)
9
Q
6 carbon chain
A
- prefix = hex-
(P 32)
10
Q
7 carbon chain
A
- prefix = hept-
(P 32)
11
Q
8 carbon chain
A
- prefix = oct-
(P 32)
12
Q
9 carbon chain
A
- prefix = non-
(P 32)
13
Q
10 carbon chain
A
- prefix = dec-
(P 32)
14
Q
methyl substituent
A
- -CH3
(P 33)
15
Q
ethyl substituent
A
- -CH2CH3
(P 33)
16
Q
propyl substituent
A
- -CH2CH2CH3
(P 33)
17
Q
isopropyl substituent
A
(P 33)
18
Q
sec-butyl substituent
A
(P 33)
19
Q
tert-butyl
A
(P 33)
20
Q
alkane functional group
A
- R3C-CR3
(P 34)
21
Q
alkene functional group
A
- R2C=CR2
(P 34)
22
Q
alkyne functional group
A
- RC ≡ CR
(P 34)
23
Q
alkyl halide functional group
A
- R-X
(P 34)
24
Q
alcohol functional group
A
- R-OH
(P 34)
25
thiol functional group
* R-SH
(P 34)
26
ether functional group
* R - O - R
(P 34)
27
epoxide functional group
(P 34)
28
phenol functional group
