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Nomenclature Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first set of teeth seen in the mouth?

A

primary or deciduous dentition. begins to form 14 weeks and utero and are completed postnatal at about 3 years

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2
Q

What are the second set of teeth seen in the mouth?

A

succedaneous or permanent teeth. there are 32. start to emerge at about age 6

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3
Q

What is the stage of mixed teeth?

A

mixed dentition or transition. which lasts about 6 to 12 years of age.

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4
Q

mandibular

A

refers to lower jaw, or mandible

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5
Q

maxillary

A

refers to upper jaw

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6
Q

formulae

A

the denomination of each tooth is represent by the first letter of each name, I (incisor) C (canine) and P for premolar and M is molar
the the number following represents the maxillary/ mandibular. only represents one half of the mouth

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7
Q

dental formula for primary teeth

A

I 2/2 C 1/1 M 2/2= 10

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8
Q

dental formula for permanent teeth

A

I 2/2 C 1/1 P 2/2 M 3/3 =16

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9
Q

name the maxillary primary teeth starting from the midline

A

Central incisor (first incisor)
Lateral incisor (second incisor) Canine (cuspid)
First molar
Second molar

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10
Q

name the mandibular primary teeth starting from the midline

A 
(this is in reverse order)
Second molar
First molar
Canine
Lateral incisor (second incisor)
Central incisor (first incisor)
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11
Q

name the maxillary permanent teeth starting from the midline

A 
Central incisor (first incisor)
Lateral incisor (second incisor) Canine (cuspid)
First premolar (first bicuspid) Second premolar (second bicuspid)
First molar Second molar Third molar
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12
Q

name the mandibular permanent teeth starting from the posterior

A

Third molar
Second molar
First molar
Second premolar (bicuspid) First premolar (bicuspid) Canine (cuspid)
Lateral incisor (second incisor) Central incisor (first incisor)

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13
Q

what is the universal system for identifying primary teeth

A

For the maxillary teeth, beginning with the right second molar, letters A through J, and for the mandibular teeth, letters K through T, beginning with the left mandibular second molar.
Midsagittal Plane
Right A B C D / E F G H I J
T S R Q P / O N M L K Left

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14
Q

What is the palmer notation system for primary teeth

A

EDCBA ABCDE
EDCBA ABCDE
Thus, for a single tooth such as the maxillary right central incisor the designation is A _I(backwards L). For the mandibular left central incisor, the notation is given as (upside down L)A . This numbering system presents difficulty when an appropriate font is not available for keyboard recording of Zsigmondy/Palmer symbolic notations.

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15
Q

What is the universal (military) system for numbering permanent teeth?

A

the maxillary teeth are numbered from 1 through 16, beginning with the right third molar. Beginning with the mandibular left third molar, the teeth are numbered 17 through 32.

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16
Q

What is The Zsigmondy/Palmer notation for the permanent dentition?

A

a four-quadrant symbolic system in which, begin- ning with the central incisors, the teeth are numbered 1 through 8 (or more) in each arch.

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17
Q

Which system is accepted by the World Health organization?

A

A two-digit system proposed by Fédération Dentaire Internationale (FDI) for both the primary and permanent dentitions

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18
Q

What is the FDI system for primary teeth?

A

Numeral 5 indicates the maxillary right side, and 6 indicates the maxillary left side. The second number of the two-digit number is the tooth number for each side. The number 8 indicates the mandibular right side, and the number 7 indicates the mandibular left side. The second number of the two-digit system is the tooth number. Thus, for example the number 51 refers to the maxillary right central incisor.

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19
Q

what is the FDI system for permenant teeth?

A

Thus, as in the two-digit FDI system for the primary dentition, the first digit indicates the quadrant: 1 to 4 for the permanent dentition

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20
Q

CEJ

A

Cementoenamel Junction, also knows as the cervical line. this is where the crown and root join

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21
Q

what are the four tooth tissues?

A

enamel, cementum, dentin and pulp

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22
Q

what are the hard tissues of the tooth?

A

enamel, cementum, dentin

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23
Q

what are the soft tissues of the tooth?

A

pulp

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24
Q

anterior teeth

A

include incisors, canines, both primary and permanent. total of 12 (6 max, 6mand.)

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25
posterior teeth
primary and permanent molars, and permanent premolars. 8 primary and 10 permanent
26
what is enamel?
a mineral structure which forms a protective covering over the surface crown of the tooth
27
what is enamel composed of
96% inorganic material and 4% organic material and water. the hardest calcified tissue in the human body
28
what is dentin
a living tissue which is a bulk of the tooth consisting on odontoblasts and a intercellular substance.
29
what is dentin made of?
30% collageneous fibers and mucopolysaccs., water 70% hydroxyapatite. closely resembles bone
30
cementum
hard dental tissue covering of the anatomic roots of human teeth.
31
what is cementum composed of
45-50% hydroxyapatite and 50-55% organic matter (collagen and mucopolysaccs.) and water. slightly softer than dentin
32
what is pulp?
a specialized loose connective tissue encased within the pulp cavity, which extends lengthwise through the center of the tooth. has 4 functions?
33
what are the 4 functions of pulp?
formative, nutritive, sensory, defensive
34
what its the formative function of pulp?
primary function to produce dentin by the odontoblasts
35
what its the nutritive function of pulp?
supplies nutrients to the dentin through the odontoblasts and their processes
36
what its the sensory function of pulp?
sensory ,the nerve fibers mediate the sensation of pain. the motor nerves initiate reflexes to the muscles of blood vessel walls for control of circulation of the pulp.
37
what its the defensive function of pulp?
related to its response to irritation, mechanical thermal chemical or bacterial. can be repairative dentin or inflammatory reaction which is irreversible.
38
anatomic crown
the portion of the tooth covered with enamel.
39
anatomic root
portion of the tooth covered with cementum maybe single or have bifurcation or trifurcation dividing the root into 2 or 3 extensions.
40
DEJ
dentinoenamel junction. the junction of dentin and enamel
41
clinical crown
the portion of the tooth that is penetrated the gingival (gum) tissue and is visible in mouth or on cast of mouth
42
clinical root
portion of the tooth which is embedded in the gums
43
apex
the termination of the clinical root (tip)
44
apical foramen
where the pulp tissue forms a communication with the aveolar bone through an opening.
45
what is a labial surface?
where the incisors and canines, the surfaces toward the lips
46
what is the buccal surface?
where the premolars and molars, those facing the cheek are
47
what are facial surfaces?
When labial and buccal surfaces are spoken of collectively,
48
lingual surfaces
All surfaces facing toward the tongue . palatal may be used for maxillary tooth
49
occlusal surface
The surfaces of the premolars and molars that come in contact (occlusion) with those in the opposite jaw during the act of closure
50
incisal surface
the biting surface of a anterior tooth
51
proximal surfaces
the surface of a tooth facing toward an adjoining tooth on the same dental arch
52
mesial surface
Those proximal surfaces that, following the curve of the arch, are faced toward the median line
53
distal surface
Those proximal surfaces that, following the curve of the arch, are faced most distant from the median line
54
contact area
The area of the mesial or distal surface of a tooth that touches its neighbor in the arch
55
cusp
is an elevation or mound on the crown portion of a tooth making up a divisional part of the occlusal surface
56
tubercale
smaller elevation on some portion of the crown produced by an extra formation of enamel. These are deviations from the typical form.
57
cingulum
the lingual lobe of an anterior tooth. It makes up the bulk of the cervical third of the lingual surface.
58
lobe
is one of the primary sections of formation in the development of the crown
59
ridge
is any linear elevation on the surface of a tooth and is named according to its location
60
marginal ridge
rounded borders of the enamel that form the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars and the mesial and distal margins of the lingual surfaces of the incisors and canines
61
triangular ridge
descend from the tips of the cusps of molars and premolars toward the central part of the occlusal surfaces.
62
tranverse ridge
when a buccal and a lingual triangular ridge join
63
oblique ridge
a ridge crossing obliquely the occlusal surfaces of maxillary molars and formed by the union of the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp and the distal cusp ridge of the mesiolingual cusp
64
fossa
an irregular depression or concavity
65
ligual fossa
depression at the lingual surface
66
triangular fossa
nd on molars and premolars on the occlusal surfaces mesial or distal to marginal ridges. They are sometimes found on the lingual surfaces of maxillary incisors at the edge of the lingual fossae where the marginal ridges and the cingulum meet (see Figure 4-14, A).
67
central fossa
on the occlusal surface of molars. They are formed by the convergence of ridges terminating at a central point in the bottom of the depression where there is a junction of grooves
68
sulcus
a long depression or valley in the surface of a tooth between ridges and cusps, the inclines of which meet at an angle. A sulcus has a developmental groove at the junction of its inclines
69
developmental groove
a shallow groove or line between the primary parts of the crown or root
70
supplemental groove
less distinct, is also a shallow linear depression on the surface of a tooth, but it is supplemental to a developmental groove and does not mark the junction of primary parts.
71
pit
are small pinpoint depressions located at the junction of developmental grooves or at terminals of those grooves.
72
fissure
a faulty developmental groove resulting from incomplete coalescence of enamel during the formation and calcification of lobes of the crown of the tooth
73
line angle
s formed by the junction of two surfaces and derives its name from the combination of the two surfaces that join.
74
point angle
formed by the junction of three surfaces. The point angle also derives its name from the combination of the names of the surfaces forming it. For example, the junction of the mesial, buccal, and occlusal surfaces of a molar is called the mesiobucco-occlusal point angle.
75
anomaly
marked deviation from that which is considered normal, like extra cusps or roots on certain teeth
76
supernumerary
extra tooth beyond the usual primary or permanent. most commonly occurs in mandibular premolar region and distal to the maxillary third molars.
77
mammelons
is any one of the three rounded protuberances found on the incisal ridges of newly erupted incisor teeth

Dental Anatomy (1 decks)

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