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Dental Anatomy > Nomenclature > Flashcards

Nomenclature Flashcards

1
Q

how many primary dentition do you have? what are they?

A 
baby teeth or primary teeth or DECIDUOUS dentition (starts at 14 weeks ends at 3 years)
10 maxillary, 10 mandibular (20 total)
- 4 incisor (2 in max, 2 in man)
- 2 canine (1 in max, 1 in man)
- 4 molar (2 in max, 2 in man)
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2
Q

how many permanent dentition do you have? what are they?

A 
adult dentition or SUCCEDANEOUS - begins about age 6
16 maxillary, 16 mandibular (32 total)
- 4 incisor (2 in max, 2 in man)
- 2 canine (1 in max, 1 in man)
- 4 premolar (2 in max, 2 in man)
- 6 molar (3 in max, 3 in man)
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3
Q

succedaneous teeth

A

permanent teeth that replaces the deciduous teeth (permanent incisors, canines, and premolars)

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4
Q

anterior teeth

A

incisors and canines (primary and permanent)

- total of 12 (max and man)

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5
Q

posterior teeth

A

primary molars (8 total), permanent premolars, and permanent molars (total of 20 permanent)

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6
Q

enamel

A

forms protective covering over surface of tooth

  • high content of mineral salts and their crystalline material
  • 96% inorganic material
  • 4% organic material and water
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7
Q

dentin

A

living tissue that makes up most of the tooth

  • 70% inorganic
  • 30% organic
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8
Q

cementum

A

hard dental tissue covering of the anatomic roots of human teeth

  • 45-50% inorganic material
  • 50-55% organic material
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9
Q

pulp

A

loose connective tissue encased within the pulp cavity that extends through the center of the tooth

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10
Q

what are the 4 functions of the pulp?

A
  1. formative: production of dentin by the odontoblasts
  2. nutritive: supplies nutrients to the dentin through the odontoblasts and their processes
  3. sensory: sensory nerve fibers mediate pain , motor fibers initiate reflexes to the muscles of blood vessel walls for control of circulation
  4. defensive: defense mechanism of the pulp in response to irritation
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11
Q

anatomic crown

A

portion of tooth covered with enamel

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12
Q

anatomic root

A

portion of tooth covered with cementum

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13
Q

cementoenamel junction (CEJ)

A

junction of cementum and enamel at the cervical (neck) portion of the tooth
- also called cervical line

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14
Q

dentinoenamel junction (DEJ)

A

junction of dentin and enamel

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15
Q

clinical crown

A
  • the portion of tooth that has penetrated the gingival (gum) tissue
  • invisible in mouth or cast of mouth
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16
Q

clinical root

A

portion of tooth that is embedded in the supporting tissues of the tooth (aveolar bone and gingivae)
- called apex

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17
Q

apical foramen

A

opening at the apex of the root of a tooth, the nerve and blood vessels that supply the dental pulp pass here

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18
Q

labial surface

A

surface of an incisor or canine toward the lips

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19
Q

buccal surface

A

surface of a premolar or molar toward the cheek

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20
Q

facial surface

A

labial or buccal surface of a tooth

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21
Q

lingual surface

A

surface of tooth toward the tongue

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22
Q

palatal

A

used to denote the lingual surface of a maxillary tooth

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23
Q

proximal surface

A

surface of tooth facing toward an adjoining tooth in the SAME dental arch

24
Q

mesial surface

A

proximal surface of a tooth that faces toward the median line

25
Q

distal surface

A

proximal surface of a tooth most distant from the median line

26
Q

occlusal surface

A

surface of a premolar or molar that opposes and comes in contact with a molar or premolar in the OPPOSING arch

27
Q

incisal surface

A

occluding (biting) surface of an anterior tooth (incisor or canine)

28
Q

contact area

A

area of the mesial or distal (proximal) surface of a tooth that touches its adjacent tooth in the SAME arch

29
Q

cusp

A

an elevation on the crown of a tooth making up a divisional part of the occlusal surface
- like the tip of your teeth

30
Q

tubercle

A

an elevation on some portion of the crown produced by an extra formation of enamel
- deviation from typical form

31
Q

cingulum

A

lingual lobe of an anterior tooth

  • makes the bulk of the cervical third of the lingual surface
  • like a bulge in the middle of the incisor
32
Q

lobe

A

primary centers of formation in the development of the crown
- like the groves of the teeth at the tip

33
Q

ridge

A

linear elevation on the surface of a tooth

34
Q

what are the 4 ridges associated on each cusp?

A

mesial ridge
distal ridge
facial ridge
lingual ridge

35
Q

marginal ridge

A
  • rounded border of enamel that forms the mesial and distal margins (extents) of the OCCLUSAL surface of a premolar or molar
  • mesial and distal margins of the LINGUAL surface of an incisor or canine
36
Q

triangular ridge

A

ridge that descends from the tip of a cusp of a molar or premolar toward the central part of the occlusal surface

37
Q

transverse ridge

A

ridge formed by the junction of a facial and lingual triangular ridge

38
Q

oblique ridge

A

ridge crossing obliquely the occlusal surface of a maxillary surface
- formed by union of distal cusp ridge of mesiolingual cusp and triangular ridge of the distofacial cusp

39
Q

fossa

A

irregular depression or concavity

40
Q

lingual fossa

A

depression or concavity on the lingual surface

41
Q

central fossa

A

depression of the occlusal surface of molars

- formed by termination of converging triangular ridges at the central point in the bottom of the depression

42
Q

triangular fossa

A

depression of the surface of premolars and molars mesial and distal to the marginal ridges
- bounded by 3 ridges: 2 triangular and 1 marginal

43
Q

sulcus

A

long depression of valley in the surface of a tooth between ridges and cusps
- inclines meet at an angle

44
Q

developmental groove

A

shallow groove or line between the primary parts of a crown or root

45
Q

supplemental groove

A

shallow linear depression on the surface of a tooth

46
Q

pit

A

small pinpoint depression located at the junction or terminal of developmental grooves

47
Q

fissure

A

faulty developmental groove resulting from incomplete coalescence (when two things “pull” together) of enamel during formation and calcification of the lobes

48
Q

line angle

A

angle formed by the junction of two tooth surfaces

- named by the combination of surfaces joining

49
Q

point angle

A

angle formed by the junction of three tooth surfaces

- named by the combination of surfaces joining

50
Q

anomaly

A

marked deviation from which is considered normal

51
Q

supernumerary

A

extra tooth beyond the usual 20 primary or 32 permanent

52
Q

palmer system

A

tooth annotation that seperates the arches and quadrants
max right | max left
————– |—————
man right | man left

(makes a chart)

53
Q

how do you number the palmer system?

A

primary: a-e beginning in the center
permanent: 1-8 beginning in the center

54
Q

military (universal system)

A

gives numbers to each tooth (1-32) - permenant
- starts max right third molar (1)
- next man left third molar (17)
- ending at man right third molar (32)
gives letters to each tooth (A-Z) - primary
- same direction

55
Q

federation dentaire international (FDI) system

A

gives a two-digit numbering system (primary and permanent)
- first digit = quadrant
- second digit = tooth
numbers like palmer system

Dental Anatomy (2 decks)

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