Nomenclature Flashcards
One
Mono
Two
Di
Three
Tri
Four
Tetra
Five
Penta
Six
Hexa
Seven
Hepta
Eight
Octa
Nine
Nona
Ten
Deca
Ionic compounds with single valence metals
- the name of the metal is stated in full and the name of the non-metal has an -ide suffix
- to predict a compounds formula, determine the charges of each ion and crisscross the charges down
Ionic compounds with multivalent metals
- ions of the same element with different charges exhibit different properties
- to distinguish the valences, the name of the metal ion includes the charge of the ion, indicated by Roman numerals in brackets
Ionic compounds with polyatomic ions
- 8 major ones (can be found on back of periodic table)
- Polyatomic ions get an -ate ending
Covalent compounds and nomenclature
- When naming covalent compounds, a greek prefix is attached to the name of each element in the compound, indicating the number of atoms
- If there is only one of the first type of atom, the prefix mono- is left out
- This system is completely different than the ionic system of naming, there are no ions and charges to cross down
Oxyanions
- Many polyatomic ions include oxygen
Most stable and common oxyanions have..
An -ate suffix
+1 Oxygen atom
Per-ate oxyanion
-1 Oxygen atom
-ite oxyanion
-2 Oxygen atom
hypo-ite oxyanion
Acid Nomenclature
Acids are either binary (made up of two ions), or oxyacids (made up of an oxyanion)
When writing names for binary acids…
add the prefix hydro- and change the ending to -ic
When writing names for oxyacids…
the prefix hydro- is omitted
Most stable oxyacids have…
An -ic suffix
+1 Oxygen atom than the -ic oxyacid
Per-ic oxyacid
-1 Oxygen atom than the -ic oxyacid
-ous oxyacid
-2 Oxygen atom than the -ic oxyacid
hypo-ous oxyacid
