nom/voc/gen (midterm)

Question 1

Nominative as Subject

Answer 1

subject of finite verb (38–40).

John 3:16: ἠγάπησεν ὁ θεός τὸν κόσμον (God loved the world)

Question 2

Predicate Nominative

Answer 2

approximately same as subject; can be in convertible or subset
propositions (40–48).

Phil 2:13: θεὸς γάρ ἐστιν ὁ ἐνεργῶν ἐν ὑμῖν (for the one working in you is God)

Question 3

Rules for Differentiating Subject/Pred. Nom.

Answer 3

General Principle:
-Subject is the known entity.

Specific Rules:
-The subject will be a pronoun, whether stated of implied in the verb
- The subject will be articular
- The subject will be a proper name

Pecking Order:
- The pronoun has the greatest priority
- Articular nouns and proper names seem to have equal priority. (In instances where one substantive is articular and the other is a proper name, or where both are articular, word order may be the determining factor).

Question 4

Nominative in Simple Apposition

Answer 4

two adjacent substantives that refer to the same
thing/person (48–49).

Matt. 3:1: παραγίνεται Ἰωάννης ὁ βαπτιστὴς κηρύσσων (John the Baptist came preaching).

Question 5

Nominative Absolute

Answer 5

in introductory material (not sentences) (49–51).

Matt. 1:1: Βίβλος γενέσεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ (The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ).

Question 6

Pendant Nominative

Answer 6

logical rather than syntactical subject at
beginning of a sentence (51–53).

Rev. 3:12: ὁ νικῶν ποιήσω αὐτὸν στῦλον (the one who overcomes: I will make him a pillar)

Question 7

Parenthetic Nominative

Answer 7

subject of an explanatory clause within another clause (53–54).

John 1:6: ἐγένετο ἄνθρωπος ἀπεσταλμένος παρὰ θεοῦ, ὄνομα αὐτῷ Ἰωάννης. (There came a man sent from God (his name was John).)

Question 8

Nominative for Vocative

Answer 8

A substantive in the nominative is used in the place of the vocative case. It is used (as is the voc.) in direct address to designate the addressee (56).

John 17:25: πατὴρ δίκαιε, καὶ ὁ κόσμος σε οὐκ ἔγνω (righteous Father, even the world has not known you).

Question 9

Vocative of Simple Address

Answer 9

without ὦ (except in Acts) (67–68).

Heb 1:10: Σὺ κατʼ ἀρχάς, κύριε, τὴν γῆν θεμελίωσας (You, Lord, established the earth in the beginning).

Question 10

Vocative in Apposition

Answer 10

Two adjacent substantives that refer to the same thing/person (70-71).

Mark 5:7: Τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί, Ἰησοῦ υἱὲ τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ὑψίστου (Leave me alone, Jesus, Son of the most high God!)

Question 11

Descriptive Genitive

Answer 11

characterized by, described by (79–81)

Mark 1:4: Ἰωάννης … κηρύσσων βάπτισμα μετανοίας (John … [was] preaching a baptism of repentance).

Question 12

Possessive Genitive

Answer 12

belonging to, possessed by (81–83)

Matt. 26:51: τὸν δοῦλον τοῦ ἀρχιερέως (the slave of the high priest)

Question 13

Partitive (“Wholative”) Genitive

Answer 13

denotes the whole of which the head noun is a part (84–86)

Lk 19:8: τὰ ἡμίσιά μου τῶν ὑπαρχόντων (half of my possessions)

Question 14

Attributive Genitive

Answer 14

specifies an attribute or innate quality of the head substantive; convert genitive into an attributive adjective (86–88)

Rom. 6:6: τὸ σῶμα τῆς ἁμαρτίας (body of sin) (= “sinful body”)

Question 15

Attributed Genitive

Answer 15

semantically opposite of attributive genitive; convert head noun into adjective modifying the genitive noun (89–91)

Rom. 6:4: οὕτως καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐν καινότητι ζωῆς περιπατήσωμεν )Thus also we should walk in newness of life.)

Question 16

Genitive of Content

Answer 16

full of, containing (related to noun or verb) (92–94)

Jn 21:8: τὸ δίκτυον τῶν ἰχθύων (the net [full] of fish)

Question 17

Genitive in Simple Apposition

Answer 17

genitive substantive adjacent to another genitive
substantive, referring to the same thing/person—”namely, which is” (94)

Titus 2:13: σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ (our Savior, Jesus Christ)

Daniel B. Wallace, Greek Grammar beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1996), 99.

Question 18

Genitive of Apposition (Epexegetical)

Answer 18

genitive states a specific example of which the
head noun names a category—namely, which is (95–100)

Jn 2:21: ἔλεγεν περὶ τοῦ ναοῦ τοῦ σώματος αὐτοῦ (he was speaking concerning the temple of his body) (= “the temple, which is his body”)

Question 19

Genitive of Comparison

Answer 19

genitive after a comparative adjective, translated “than” (110–12)

Matt. 6:25: οὐχὶ ἡ ψυχὴ πλεῖόν ἐστιν τῆς τροφῆς; (Is not your life worth more than food?)

Question 20

Subjective Genitive

Answer 20

functions as subject of verbal idea implicit in head noun (113–16)

Matt. 24:27: οὕτως ἔσται ἡ παρουσία τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου (so shall the coming of the Son of Man be) (= “so shall it be when the Son of Man comes”).

Question 21

Objective Genitive

Answer 21

functions as direct object of verbal idea implicit in head noun (116–19)

Matt. 12:31: ἡ δὲ τοῦ πνεύματος βλασφημία οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται (but the blasphemy of the Spirit shall not be forgiven) (= “blasphemy against the Spirit” or “blaspheming the Spirit”)

Question 22

Genitive of Time (kind of time)

Answer 22

within which or during which (122–24)

Lk 18:12: vηστεύω δὶς τοῦ σαββάτου (I fast twice [during] a week)

Question 23

Genitive of Association

Answer 23

in association with (128–30)

Eph. 2:19: ἐστὲ συμπολῖται τῶν ἁγίων (you are fellow-citizens with the saints)

Question 24

Genitive After Certain Verbs (as Direct Object)

Answer 24

especially after verbs of sensation, emotion/volition, sharing, ruling (131–34)

Lk 10:35: ἐπιμελήθητι αὐτοῦ (take care of him; care for him)

Question 25

Genitive After Certain Prepositions

Answer 25

certain prepositions take the genitive after them (see
chapter on prepositions) (136)

Rev. 3:10: ἐκ τῆς ὥρας (from the hour).

Question 26

What part of speech does case have to do with?

Answer 26

Nouns!