NMAT biology practice test

Question 1

In the human ABO blood grouping, the four basic blood types are type A, type B, type AB, and type O. The blood proteins A and B are:

Answer 1

Codominant traits

Question 2

The two daughter cells formed by mitosis and cytokinesis have:

Answer 2

The same number of chromosomes present in the parent cell.

Question 3

Early in the ovarian cycle, estrogen, produced in the follicle,______________gonadotrOpin release, while
later in the cycle, estrogen _______________ gonadotropin release because:

Answer 3

inhibits; stimulates; the feedback mechanisms are dependent on the concentration of estrogen

Question 4

Which of the following statements concerning alleles is true for diploid organisms?

1. At most only two alleles occur at a given locus in an organism’s genome.
2. Alleles occupy an identical locus in homologous chromosomes.
3. Alleles of a given gene usually occur on non-homologous chromosomes.
4. A single chromosome usually carries two alleles of each gene.

Answer 4

1, 2, and 4

Question 5

Exoskeletons provide excellent protection to internal organs. However, animals that utilize exoskeletons are usually relatively small. Why?

Answer 5

A large exoskeleton would be too heavy to move

Question 6

Clotting of human blood:

Answer 6

Depends on the formation of fibrin from fibrinogen

Question 7

The electron transport chain pumps protons:

Answer 7

Out of the mitochondrial matrix / from the matrix into the intermembrane space

Question 8

An example of alleles is:

Answer 8

TT and Tt

Question 9

A catalyst:

Answer 9

Lowers the amount of energy needed for a reaction to proceed

Question 10

The addition of potassium iodide as a nutritional supplement to common table salt would most directly
affect the function of which of these glands?

Answer 10

Thyroid

Question 11

Mitosis involves separation of only sister chromatids while meiosis involves?

Answer 11

Separation of homologous chromosomes as well as sister chromatids

Question 12

An example of a genotype is:

Answer 12

TtHH

Question 13

Each of the following is synthesized by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland of vertebrates EXCEPT one. Which one is this EXCEPTION?

Answer 13

Oxytocin

Question 14

How is the digestion of fats different from that of proteins and carbohydrates?

Answer 14

Fats are absorbed into the cells as fatty acids and monoglycerides but are then modified for absorption
into the blood; amino acids and glucose are not modified further.

Question 15

Each of the following cell organelles has a membranous structure EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

Answer 15

Centrioles

Question 16

Organisms in an ecosystem can be classified as producers or consumers. The producers provide food for the consumers. An organism that consumes both producers and other consumers is called a:

Answer 16

Omnivore

Question 17

If two white sheep produce a black offspring, the parent’s genotypes for color must be:

Answer 17

Heterozygous

Question 18

Pollution can cause problems within any ecosystem. The pollutants can enter this ecosystem by combining with the water vapor in the air. Their effect is felt when they become

Answer 18

Acidic and destroy the ecosystem

Question 19

Most eukaryotic organisms have ______________ chromosomes in their cells.

Answer 19

10-50

Question 20

Which of the following statements about nerve tissue is false?

Answer 20

All types of cells in nerve tissue conduct electrical impulses