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pharm 2 final > Nitrous delivery & technique > Flashcards

Nitrous delivery & technique Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 main types of Nitrous delivery?

A
  • Demand Flow Unit

* Continuous Flow Unit

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2
Q

what are the 3 main parts of a demand flow unit?

A

mixing valve, pressure regulator, demand valve

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3
Q

what are the 2 main components of a continuous flow unit?

A

flowmeters, reservoir bag

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4
Q

what is the advantage of portable nitrous tank units?

A

economics

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5
Q

Regulators reduce pressure from ________ psi to a safe _______psi

A

from 750-2200psi to a safe 45-55psi

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6
Q

what are the 4 types of terminal apparatus?

A

Nasal Cannula
Nasal Hood
Full Face Mask
Scavenging Nasal Hood

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7
Q

flowmeters display the gas in motion with an accuracy of __%

A

±2%

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8
Q

T/F: the N2O tube is blue & fluted

A

FALSE

N2O blue & non-fluted

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9
Q

Flowmeters can adjust output in increments of __ liters

A

0.1 L

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10
Q

what does the “non-silencable” alarm signal?

A

Oxygen depletion

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11
Q

all flowmeters come equipped with am Emergency _______ _________ Valve

A

Air Intake

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12
Q

what are the safety features of N2O systems?

A

1) Minimum O2 liter flow
2) Minimum Oxygen Percentage
3) DISS - different diameter and different thread
4) PISS- pin index safety system
5) Oxygen Fail-Safe
6) Emergency Air Inlet
7) Alarm
8) O2 Flush Button
9) Reservoir Bag
10) Colo(u)r Coding
11) Quick-Connect Positive Pressure O2

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13
Q

what are the 3 types of Inhalation units?

A
  • Accutron - N2O lock
  • Porter - automatic vacuum
  • Matrx
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14
Q

why is an automatic interlock system important to use?

A

Use an automatic interlock system to assure that the N2O cannot be turned on unless the scavenging system is also activated

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15
Q

the scavenging system exhaust rates (flow rates) should be at least ______ liters per minute (L/min)

A

45 L/min

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16
Q

If concentrations of N2O are above ____ ppm in work areas, increase the air flow into the room or increase the percentage of outside air

A

25 ppm

17
Q

Nitrous oxide/oxygen when used in combination with sedative agents may produce what levels of sedation?

A

anxiolysis, conscious or deep sedation or general anesthesia

18
Q

T/F: During administration of enteral and/or combination inhalation-enteral conscious sedation (combined conscious sedation), AT LEAST one additional person should be present in addition to the dentist

A

true

19
Q

If nitrous oxide and oxygen delivery equipment capable of delivering less than ___% oxygen is used, an in-line oxygen analyzer must be used

A

25%

20
Q

during the use of N2O, how is Oxygenation monitored?

A
  • Color of mucosa, skin or blood should be continually evaluated.
  • Oxygen saturation must be evaluated continuously by pulse oximetry.
21
Q

during the use of N2O, how is Ventilation monitored?

A
  • Must observe chest excursions.

* Should auscultate breath sounds or monitor end- tidal CO2.

22
Q

T/F: Oxygenation must be monitored continuously, even during recovery periods when only oxygen is being used

A

True

  • patient must have continuous supervision until oxygenation, ventilation and circulation are stable
23
Q

The doctor must determine and document that _______, ______ and ______ are stable prior to discharge

A

oxygenation, ventilation and circulation

24
Q

which receptor is needed for the action of Nitrous oxide?

A

The NMDA Receptor Subunit NMR-1

N-methyl-D- aspartate receptor for its action in C. elegans

25
Q

how are the fail-safes of N20 systems tested?

A

A) Plumbed: disconnect oxygen
B) Portable: close tank valve
C) Both: try to give >70% nitrous oxide

26
Q

how do you “titrate” N2O?

A

1) start with 10% Nitrous
2) wait 2-3 minutes
3) increase by about 15%

27
Q

how can you evaluate the level of nitrous sedation?

A

1) Listen to words, but also how they respond: slowly, monotone, relaxed sound?

2) evidence of sedation:
- Visibly settled into chair
- Hands relaxed
- Legs uncrossed
- Eyes not following all movement in room

28
Q

what are the signs of over sedation?

A

A) Closed eyes
B) Slow verbal responses
C) Can’t keep mouth open
D) Hard to engage in conversation

29
Q

what information must be included in your notes?

A

Document length of sedation, % used, comment on effectiveness, post-oxygenation time

pharm 2 final (7 decks)

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