NICS Flashcards
What is an Ethernet Cable?
A cable that’s used to connect devices with the LAN, generally transmit network packets through a network within a building.
What makes up an Ethernet Cable?
Four twisted pairs of small copper wires.
How does a damaged pair 1 (orange and striped orange) affect us?
Upload speed is reduced or negatively affected, or worst case unable to upload at all.
How does a damaged pair 2 (Green and striped green) affect us?
Download speed will be greatly diminished.
What are both Pair 1 and 2 mostly used for?
Lower speed internet (around 10 to 100mbps)
What is pair 3 and pair 4 used for
Used for high speed internet (1 Gbps) and Power over Ethernet (PoE)
How does a damaged pair 3 (Blue and striped blue) affect us?
Unlikely to affect when using slower internet, but if plugged into a PoE device it may malfunction due to unstable power input.
How does a damaged pair 4 (Brown and striped brown) affect us?
Only affects PoE or fast internet, resulting to malfunction and/or unstable power input.
What is Bandwidth?
The amount of data that can be transferred over a cable at one time.
What is Latency?
The time it takes for data to get from one end of the cable to the other.
How do we measure Latency?
Measured in milliseconds (ms)
What is a Network?
A network is a series of computers linked together.
How does WiFi work?
Uses radio waves to send information.
What is Fiber?
A wired connection method that uses glass and light.
What is Bluetooth?
A short range wireless connection method.
Does Bluetooth have a reduced range compared to other wireless methods? (True/False)
True
What is LiFi?
LiFi uses electromagnetic spectrum to transmit data between devices.
What is a major downside to LiFi?
Since light is required for LiFi to transmit data, lack of light or shadows will be an issue.
What is Storage?
Refers to an internal or external device that stores data.
What are the differences between SSDs and HDDs?
HDDs are cheaper, generally higher capacity and slower. Whereas, SSDs are expensive, low capacity (in some cases) and faster.
What type of storage does RAM use?
Volatile Storage
What is Volatile Storage?
Storage devices that rely on power to maintain its state.
What is Non-Volatile Storage?
Storage devices that can maintain its state even through or after power loss.
What are examples of Non-Volatile Storage?
HDDs and SSDs
What is faster? An NVMe SSD or a SSD that relies on SATA cables?
NVMe SSDs
What is External Storage
Any kind of storage that is located outside of a computer.
What is a downside to External Storage?
It is slower than internal storage, due to using a slower connection medium that SATA or NVMe.
What is an Upside to External Storage?
It’s portable and convenient.
What is Data Redundancy?
The practice of keeping data in two or more places within a database or data storage system.
What are the four Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) we’ve learnt about?
RAID 0, 1, 10 and 5
What is Striping?
Storing a single piece of data over two different disks, for example, the string “abcd” would be stored as “ac” and “bd” over two disks.
What is Raid 0?
Focuses on speed, no redundancy to the system, uses a technique called “striping”.
What is RAID 1?
Maintains original speed but doubles redundancy, all your storage is mirrored onto a second device.
What is RAID 10?
Utilising both speed of striping and redundancy of mirroring. Requires a minimum of 4 disks.
Why do you need to replace a disk if it goes down in a RAID 10?
Because if one disks goes down, and there’s no replacement the other mirrored disk may go down. Resulting in losing all the data.
