Nicotine withdrawl drugs

Question 1

Nicotine Chewing Gum

Answer 1

§ Doubles the cessation success rate
§ Adverse effects: Mouth and throat soreness, jaw muscle ache, eructation (belching), and hiccups
§ Chew the gum slowly and intermittently for about 30 minutes
§ Avoid eating or drinking while chewing and for 15 minutes before chewing

Question 2

Nicotine Lozenges

Answer 2

§ Doubles the cessation success rate
§ Adverse effects: Mouth irritation,
dyspepsia, nausea, and hiccups
§ Allow lozenge to dissolve in mouth over 20 to 30 minutes
§ No eating or drinking for 15 minutes before dosing and while the lozenge is in the mouth
§ Do not chew or swallow the lozenge

Question 3

NicoDerm CQ and Nicotrol

Answer 3

§ Doubles the cessation success rate
§ Adverse effects: Short-lived erythema, itching, and burning occur under the patch
§ Applied once a day to clean, dry, nonhairy skin of the upper body or upper arm
§ Application site should be changed daily and not reused for at least 1 week

Question 4

Nicotine Inhaler

Answer 4

§ Doubles the cessation success rate
§ Adverse effects: Dyspepsia, coughing, throat irritation, oral burning, and rhinitis
§ Frequent puffing over 20 minutes
§ Should not be used by patients with
asthma

Question 5

Nicotine Nasal Spray

Answer 5

§ Doubles the cessation success rate
§ Adverse effects: Rhinitis, sneezing, coughing, watering eyes, and nasal and throat irritation
§ Nicotine levels rise rapidly
§ Spray provides some of the subjective
pleasure associated with cigarettes

Question 6

Bupropion SR [Zyban, Buproban]

Answer 6

§ Atypical antidepressant
§ Reduces the urge to smoke and some symptoms of nicotine withdrawal, such as irritability and anxiety
§ Adverse effects: Dry mouth and insomnia

Question 7

Varenicline [Chantix, Champix]

Answer 7

§Partial agonist at nicotinic receptors §Most effective aid for smoking
cessation
§Atypical antidepressant
§ Adverse effects: Nausea, sleep disturbances, headaches, abnormal dreams, constipation, dry mouth, flatulence, vomiting, and altered sense of taste
§Serious neuropsychiatric effects
§Cardiovascular events
§ U.S. authorities have banned the use of varenicline by truck drivers, bus drivers, airplane pilots, and air traffic controllers