NHS MCT QUESTIONS Flashcards
WHAT THREE THINGS ARE ESSENTIAL IN KEEPING THE BODY SUPPLIED WITH OXYGEN
- Airway
- Breathing
- Circulation
WHAT TAKES PRIORITY WHEN ASSESSING A PATIENT OVER THE TELEPHONE
Finding out whether the situation is immediately life threatening
WHICH TWO ARE POTENTIAL CAUSES OF SHOCK?
- Failure of the heart pumping properly
- Heavy fluid loss
ACCURATE EXPLANATION OF HOW UNCONSCIOUSNESS MIGHT AFFECT A PERSONS AIRWAY?
The tongue may flop back and block the airway
WHAT IS SHOCK?
A life threatening condition that occurs when the body’s cardiovascular system fails for some reason and cannot send enough oxygen around the body. (can lead to death quickly)
WHAT DOES CARDIOVASCULAR CONSIST OF?
Heart, blood and blood vessels
SIGNS OF SHOCK
- Cold, clammy or wet skin
- Extreme weakness progressing to collapse
- Blue/grey tinged skin
WHAT CAUSES SHOCK?
- Excessive Bleeding, either internally or externally
- Failure of the heart pumping properly (i.e.heart attack)
- Severe infections
- Low blood sugar
- Heavy loss of fluids (i.e.vomiting, diarrhoea or severe burns)
WHAT DOES AED STAND FOR?
Automatic External Defibrillator
WHAT DOES A AED DO?
Is a portable device that can automatically identify certain types of life threatening problems with the hearts rhythm. It can treat these rhythm with a electrical shock.
SURVIVAL RATES FOR AED
High as 75%
WHAT IS AGONAL BREATHING
A abnormal breathing pattern where there are slow, sometimes noisy, irregular breaths that usually occur about every 10-15 seconds (This type of breathing can continue for several minutes after the heart has stopped beating)
HOW CAN A PERSON WITH AGONAL BREATHING BE DESCRIBED
Gasping, snorting, gurgling or making funny noises. (OTHER SYMTOM CAN BE RANDOM JERKY MOVEMENTS )(SPASMS)
SHOULD IT BE ASSUMED IF A UNCONSCIOUS PERSON IS BREATHING NORMALLY?
NO.
IN THE FIRST FEW MINUTES AFTER CARDIO ARREST ABOUT __% OF PATIENTS MAY HAVE AGONAL BREATHING
40%
WHAT IS NON - TRAMA
A PROBLEM DUE TO ILLNESS RATHER THAN A INJURY
WHAT IS CHRONIC
Illnesses persisting over a long period of time. (Symptoms appear gradually, get worse despite treatment or change very slowly)
WHAT IS ACUTE
When a person recovers relatively quickly (Short lived)
WHAT IS TRAMA
INJURY WITHN THE LAST 7 DAYS
WHAT AGE GROUP IS MORE VULNERABLE TO ABUSE THAN ANY OTHER AGE GROUP?
ONE
WHAT ARE ANTIBIOTICS EFFECTIVE AGAINST ?
BACTERIA
WHAT IS THE PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITH THE OVER-USE OF ANTIBIOTICS?
ANTIBIOTICS LOSE THIER EFFECTIVENESS IF OVER USED
WHATS IS SBS?
SHAKEN BABY SYNDROME
HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE TO EXPERIENCE MENTAL HEALTH DISORDER?
ONE IN FOUR
WHAT IS ANGINA?
ITS THE MAIN SYMPTOM OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE, IS A PAIN USALLY FELT IN THE CHEST CAUSED BY A LACK OF OXYGEN REACHING THE HEART MUSCLE BECAUSE OF POOR BLOOD FLOW
HOW CAN ANGINA BE DESCRIBED?
HEAVINESS, PRESSURE, TIGHTNESS OR PAIN IN THE CENTRE OF THE CHEST THAT MAY SPERAD AND AFFECT THE ARMS, NECK, JAW, FACE, BACK AND ABDOMEN.
WHAT IS THE BIGGEST ARTERY IN THE BODY CALLED?
Aorta
WHAT IS AAA?
ABDOMINAL, AORTIC ANEURYSM
WHEN AN ARTERY IS CUT THE BLOOD “SPURTS” OR “PUMPS” OUT. WHY IS THAT?
The blood is under pressure as it’s coming directly from the heart
WHAT DOES THE KIDNEY DO?
Removes unwanted salt and chemical waste from the body
TRUE OR FALSE VAGINAL BLEEDING IN PREGNANCY DOES NOT ALWAYS INDICATE MISCARRIAGE
TRUE
WHERE IS THE FLANK
The fleshy part of the back between the ribs and hips
TRUE OR FALSE, CRUSH SYNDROME IS CAUSED BY TOXIC SUBSTANCES FROM DAMAGED MUSCLE BEING RELEASED SUDDENLY INTO CIRCULATION, THIS CAN CAUSE KIDNEY FAILURE.
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE, IT IS NORMAL FOR CONTRACTIONS DURING LABOUR TO BECOME PAINFUL AND CONTINUOUS
False. There should be pain free periods between each contraction, severe pain can be a sign that something worrying is happening to the mother or the baby
WHAT IS A SEVERE ALLERGIC REACTION CALLED?
anaphylaxis
TYPE OF PAIN FELT WITH AN AORTIC ANEURYSM
Sudden severe pain that feels like ripping or tearing
TYPE OF PAIN FELT WITH AN AORTIC ANEURYSM
Sudden severe pain that feels like ripping or tearing
What is Rigor and how is it caused?
An episode of shaking or pronounced shivering which can occur with a high fever
GTN is used to manage?
Glyceryl trinitrate, or GTN, is a type of medicine called a nitrate. It’s used to prevent and treat chest pain caused by angina.
What is Haemophilia?
Haemophilia is a rare disorder in which the blood doesn’t clot in the typical way because it doesn’t have enough blood-clotting proteins (clotting factors). If you have hemophilia, you might bleed for a longer time after an injury than you would if your blood clotted properly.
What’s is Hypoglycaemia?
A low blood sugar, also called hypoglycaemia or a “hypo”, is where the level of sugar (glucose) in your blood drops too low.
What is Hyperglycaemia?
Hyperglycaemia occurs when blood sugar levels are too high. People develop hyperglycemia if their diabetes isn’t treated properly.
What is a Septicaemia?
Septicaemia is another term used to describe blood poisoning. It is an infection caused by large amounts of bacteria entering the bloodstream. It is a potentially life-threatening infection that affects thousands of patients every year. It is often a result of another infection in the body.
What’s is a Peritonitis?
inflammation of the peritoneum, typically caused by bacterial infection either via the blood or after rupture of an abdominal organ.
When in shock …
The body diverts blood towards the major organs to protect them
What is sepsis?
Sepsis is a life-threatening reaction to an infection.
It happens when your immune system overreacts to an infection and starts to damage your body’s own tissues and organs.
You cannot catch sepsis from another person.
Correct term for a stoma which is used to feed directly in to the stomach
Gastrostomy
What is a Tracheostomy
Tracheostomy is a procedure to help air and oxygen reach the lungs by creating an opening into the trachea from outside the neck. A person with a tracheostomy breathes through a tracheostomy tube inserted in the opening.
What is a Urostomy
A urostomy is a way of collecting urine through a bag outside your body. It is also called an ileal conduit. This operation is usually part of the surgery to remove your bladder (cystectomy). After the surgeon removes your bladder you need another way of collecting your urine. This is called a urinary diversion.
What is a Colostomy?
A colostomy is an operation to divert 1 end of the colon (part of the bowel) through an opening in the tummy.
The opening is called a stoma. A pouch can be placed over the stoma to collect your poo (stools).
A colostomy can be permanent or temporary.
What is Addison’s disease
Addison’s disease is where the adrenal glands that sit on top of your kidneys do not produce enough hormones.
