NHA Mod 3 Flashcards

1
Q

vitals are key indicators of what

A

homeostasis

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2
Q

what factors can cause changes in vitals

A

stress, food/liquid intake, medical conditions, age, physical activity

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3
Q

list information apart of pt’s demographic

A
  • name
  • address
  • phone number
  • insurance info
  • emergency contact
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4
Q

define MEDICATION RECONCILIATION

A

comparing pt’s list of meds to medical record to reduce risk of incorrect prescription, med interactions, & adverse reactions

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5
Q

when should medication reconciliation happen

A

every time pt is in office

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6
Q

what is included in administrative section of pt health record?

A
  • pt info/demographics
  • financial & insurance info
  • correspondence
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7
Q

what is included in clinical section of pt health record?

A
  • past medical/family/social history
  • occupation
  • orders/referrals
  • clinical data
  • progress notes
  • diagnostic imagining info
  • lab info
  • medications/allergies
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8
Q

purpose of Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2)?

A

focus on pt’s frequency of depressed mood over 2 weeks

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9
Q

purpose of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)?

A

used of PHQ-2 is positive and asks additional questions to see if pt meets criteria for depressive disorder diagnosis

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10
Q

what is used on older adults for dementia/other degenerative disorder evaluation?

A

mini-mental examination

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11
Q

list common symptoms of depression

A
  • difficulty going to sleep/staying asleep/getting up
  • profound sadness & fatigue
  • change in appetite
  • loss of energy
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12
Q

define “white coat syndrome”

A

anxiety related to seeing health provider for evaluation

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13
Q

what is the purpose of the GAD-7 questionnaire?

A

screen patients for general anxiety

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14
Q

list common symptoms of anxiety

A
  • heightened ability to observe/make connections
  • difficulty focusing on details
  • sense of panic
  • irritability
  • feeling cold/sweaty
  • shortness of breath
  • heart palpitations
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15
Q

List and describe the different phases of the Korotkoff sounds

A
  • I: sharp tapping
  • II: swishing
  • III: knocking
  • IV: muffled
  • V: sound disappears
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16
Q

what phases of Korotkoff sounds are used for manual blood pressure

A

phase I & V

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17
Q

what is used during palpatory BP

A

palpation of brachial pulse

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18
Q

T/F: BP rises with age

A

true

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19
Q

list factors of BP

A
  • age
  • internal conditions
  • external influences
  • BP
  • blood volume
  • peripheral resistance
  • condition of heart muscle
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20
Q

how does blood volume affect BP

A

increased blood volume increases blood pressure; decreased blood volume decrease blood pressure

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21
Q

how does peripheral resistance impact BP

A

smaller lumen = increase in BP

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22
Q

how does overall condition of heart muscle impact BP

A

overworked & weak –> can’t contract –> pressure increase in vessels to maintain adequate blood circulation

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23
Q

What are some reasons for error while doing BP

A
  • limb w/cuff above heart
  • cuff bladder not completely deflated
  • pressure released too rapidly
  • pt nervous/anxious
  • pt drank coffee/smoked cigarette within 30 min
  • cuff applied improperly
  • cuff too large/small/tight/loose
  • bladder not centered over artery/bulges from cover
  • fail to wait 1-2 minutes between measurements
  • instrument is defective
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24
Q

what limb should you use for a pt that has a one-sided mastectomy

A

use the arm on side not impacted by mastectomy

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25
Q

what limb should you use for pt that has bilateral mastectomy

A

leg

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26
Q

what limb should you use for pt that has lymphedema [arm]

A

leg

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27
Q

what limb should you use for pt that has dialysis fistula

A

use arm not affected

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28
Q

what is expected BP range for newborns

A

67-84/35-53

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29
Q

what is expected BP range for infants

A

72-104/37-56

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30
Q

what is expected BP range for toddlers (1-2 yrs)

A

86-106/42-63

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31
Q

what is expected BP range for preschoolers (3-5 yrs)

A

89-112/46-72

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32
Q

what is expected BP range for school-age kids (6-9 yrs)

A

97-115/57-76

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33
Q

what is expected BP range for preadolescent kids (9-11 yrs)

A

102-120/61-80

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34
Q

what is expected BP range for adolescents (11-15 yrs)

A

110-131/64-83

35
Q

what is expected BP range for adults (+15 yrs)

A

< 120/< 80

36
Q

what is the range of prehypertension

A

120-139/80-89

37
Q

what is the range of stage 1 hypertension

A

140-159/90-99

38
Q

what is the range of stage 2 hypertension

A

> 160/ > 100

39
Q

what is the range of hypertension crisis

A

> 180/>110

40
Q

for all stages of hypertension (including prehypertension) does both the systolic and diastolic values need to meet the criteria?

A

no, one or the other if not both

41
Q

what size BP cuff should be used for 8.7-10.2 in arm circumference

A

small adult

42
Q

what size BP cuff should be used for 10.6-13.4 in arm circumference

A

adult

43
Q

what size BP cuff should be used 13.8-17.3 in arm circumference

A

large adult

44
Q

what size BP cuff should be used for 17.7-20.5 in arm circumference

A

XL adult

45
Q

define orthostatic hypotension

A

significant drop in BP and increase in pulse from positional changes

46
Q

what are causes of orthostatic hypotension

A
  • heart disease
  • dehydration
  • diabetes
  • medications
  • nervous system disorders
47
Q

what are signs of orthostatic hypotension

A

decreased BP of at least 20 points and increased pulse of at least 10 bpm when comparing BP and pulse lying down, sitting, & standing 2-5 min between each check

48
Q

normal pulse for 1-3 yr olds

A

80-150

49
Q

normal pulse for 3-6 yr olds

A

70-120

50
Q

normal pulse for 6-12 yr olds

A

60-110

51
Q

normal pulse for people older than 12

A

60-100

52
Q

normal respirations for 6-12 yr olds

A

16-22

53
Q

normal respirations for 3-6 yr olds

A

20-24

54
Q

normal respirations for 1-3 yr olds

A

22-30

55
Q

where is the most common pulse site in kids

A

brachial

56
Q

define hyperventilation

A

fast/rapid breathin

57
Q

what are possible causes for hyperventilation

A

intense pain, anxiety, & panic attacks

58
Q

what are possible causes of hyperpnea

A

extreme pain/anxiety

59
Q

define hyperpnea

A

excessively deep breathing

60
Q

define dyspnea

A

difficult/painful breathing

61
Q

what are possible causes of dyspnea

A

COPD, pneumonia, asthma, high altitudes, and physical exertion

62
Q

define orthopnea

A

difficulty breathing unless in upright position

63
Q

what are possible causes of orthopnea

A

congestive heart failure & COPD

64
Q

define wheezing

A

whistling sound during breahing

65
Q

what are possible causes of wheezing

A

asthma & bronchitis

66
Q

what are possible causes of rales

A

fluid in air sacs & pneumonia

67
Q

define rales

A

small clicking/bubbling/rattling sounds

68
Q

define rhonchi

A

large airway sounds

69
Q

what are possible causes of rhonchi

A

COPD, chronic bronchitis, & pneumonia

70
Q

what is the expected respiratory rate for newborns

A

30-40

71
Q

what is the expected respiratory rate for infants

A

30-60

72
Q

what is the expected respiratory rate for toddlers

A

26-32

73
Q

what is the expected respiratory rate for children

A

20-30

74
Q

what is the expected respiratory rate for adolescents

A

16-20

75
Q

what is normal O2 saturation

A

95% or higher

76
Q

what abbreviation should be used when documenting the temperature was taken tympanically

A

T or AU

77
Q

what abbreviation should be used when documenting the temperature was taken from axillary

A

Ax

78
Q

what abbreviation should be used when documenting the temperature should be taken rectally

A

R

79
Q

what abbreviation should be used when documenting the temperature was taken from temporal artery

A

TA

80
Q

what can affect oral temperature readings

A
  • drinking hot/cold liquids
  • chewing gum
  • smoking
81
Q

does the temperature site need to be documented if temp was gained orally?

A

no

82
Q

until what point are head circumferences done

A

36 months

83
Q

what effect does beta-blocker medications have on vitals

A

decreases pulse & BP

84
Q
A