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MA: Chp 32 & 33 - Vitals & History > NHA Mod 3 > Flashcards

NHA Mod 3 Flashcards

(84 cards)

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1
Q

vitals are key indicators of what

A

homeostasis

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2
Q

what factors can cause changes in vitals

A

stress, food/liquid intake, medical conditions, age, physical activity

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3
Q

list information apart of pt’s demographic

A
  • name
  • address
  • phone number
  • insurance info
  • emergency contact
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4
Q

define MEDICATION RECONCILIATION

A

comparing pt’s list of meds to medical record to reduce risk of incorrect prescription, med interactions, & adverse reactions

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5
Q

when should medication reconciliation happen

A

every time pt is in office

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6
Q

what is included in administrative section of pt health record?

A
  • pt info/demographics
  • financial & insurance info
  • correspondence
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7
Q

what is included in clinical section of pt health record?

A
  • past medical/family/social history
  • occupation
  • orders/referrals
  • clinical data
  • progress notes
  • diagnostic imagining info
  • lab info
  • medications/allergies
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8
Q

purpose of Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2)?

A

focus on pt’s frequency of depressed mood over 2 weeks

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9
Q

purpose of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)?

A

used of PHQ-2 is positive and asks additional questions to see if pt meets criteria for depressive disorder diagnosis

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10
Q

what is used on older adults for dementia/other degenerative disorder evaluation?

A

mini-mental examination

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11
Q

list common symptoms of depression

A
  • difficulty going to sleep/staying asleep/getting up
  • profound sadness & fatigue
  • change in appetite
  • loss of energy
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12
Q

define “white coat syndrome”

A

anxiety related to seeing health provider for evaluation

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13
Q

what is the purpose of the GAD-7 questionnaire?

A

screen patients for general anxiety

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14
Q

list common symptoms of anxiety

A
  • heightened ability to observe/make connections
  • difficulty focusing on details
  • sense of panic
  • irritability
  • feeling cold/sweaty
  • shortness of breath
  • heart palpitations
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15
Q

List and describe the different phases of the Korotkoff sounds

A
  • I: sharp tapping
  • II: swishing
  • III: knocking
  • IV: muffled
  • V: sound disappears
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16
Q

what phases of Korotkoff sounds are used for manual blood pressure

A

phase I & V

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17
Q

what is used during palpatory BP

A

palpation of brachial pulse

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18
Q

T/F: BP rises with age

A

true

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19
Q

list factors of BP

A
  • age
  • internal conditions
  • external influences
  • BP
  • blood volume
  • peripheral resistance
  • condition of heart muscle
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20
Q

how does blood volume affect BP

A

increased blood volume increases blood pressure; decreased blood volume decrease blood pressure

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21
Q

how does peripheral resistance impact BP

A

smaller lumen = increase in BP

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22
Q

how does overall condition of heart muscle impact BP

A

overworked & weak –> can’t contract –> pressure increase in vessels to maintain adequate blood circulation

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23
Q

What are some reasons for error while doing BP

A
  • limb w/cuff above heart
  • cuff bladder not completely deflated
  • pressure released too rapidly
  • pt nervous/anxious
  • pt drank coffee/smoked cigarette within 30 min
  • cuff applied improperly
  • cuff too large/small/tight/loose
  • bladder not centered over artery/bulges from cover
  • fail to wait 1-2 minutes between measurements
  • instrument is defective
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24
Q

what limb should you use for a pt that has a one-sided mastectomy

A

use the arm on side not impacted by mastectomy

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25
what limb should you use for pt that has bilateral mastectomy
leg
26
what limb should you use for pt that has lymphedema [arm]
leg
27
what limb should you use for pt that has dialysis fistula
use arm not affected
28
what is expected BP range for newborns
67-84/35-53
29
what is expected BP range for infants
72-104/37-56
30
what is expected BP range for toddlers (1-2 yrs)
86-106/42-63
31
what is expected BP range for preschoolers (3-5 yrs)
89-112/46-72
32
what is expected BP range for school-age kids (6-9 yrs)
97-115/57-76
33
what is expected BP range for preadolescent kids (9-11 yrs)
102-120/61-80
34
what is expected BP range for adolescents (11-15 yrs)
110-131/64-83
35
what is expected BP range for adults (+15 yrs)
< 120/< 80
36
what is the range of prehypertension
120-139/80-89
37
what is the range of stage 1 hypertension
140-159/90-99
38
what is the range of stage 2 hypertension
> 160/ > 100
39
what is the range of hypertension crisis
> 180/>110
40
for all stages of hypertension (including prehypertension) does both the systolic and diastolic values need to meet the criteria?
no, one or the other if not both
41
what size BP cuff should be used for 8.7-10.2 in arm circumference
small adult
42
what size BP cuff should be used for 10.6-13.4 in arm circumference
adult
43
what size BP cuff should be used 13.8-17.3 in arm circumference
large adult
44
what size BP cuff should be used for 17.7-20.5 in arm circumference
XL adult
45
define orthostatic hypotension
significant drop in BP and increase in pulse from positional changes
46
what are causes of orthostatic hypotension
- heart disease - dehydration - diabetes - medications - nervous system disorders
47
what are signs of orthostatic hypotension
decreased BP of at least 20 points and increased pulse of at least 10 bpm when comparing BP and pulse lying down, sitting, & standing 2-5 min between each check
48
normal pulse for 1-3 yr olds
80-150
49
normal pulse for 3-6 yr olds
70-120
50
normal pulse for 6-12 yr olds
60-110
51
normal pulse for people older than 12
60-100
52
normal respirations for 6-12 yr olds
16-22
53
normal respirations for 3-6 yr olds
20-24
54
normal respirations for 1-3 yr olds
22-30
55
where is the most common pulse site in kids
brachial
56
define hyperventilation
fast/rapid breathin
57
what are possible causes for hyperventilation
intense pain, anxiety, & panic attacks
58
what are possible causes of hyperpnea
extreme pain/anxiety
59
define hyperpnea
excessively deep breathing
60
define dyspnea
difficult/painful breathing
61
what are possible causes of dyspnea
COPD, pneumonia, asthma, high altitudes, and physical exertion
62
define orthopnea
difficulty breathing unless in upright position
63
what are possible causes of orthopnea
congestive heart failure & COPD
64
define wheezing
whistling sound during breahing
65
what are possible causes of wheezing
asthma & bronchitis
66
what are possible causes of rales
fluid in air sacs & pneumonia
67
define rales
small clicking/bubbling/rattling sounds
68
define rhonchi
large airway sounds
69
what are possible causes of rhonchi
COPD, chronic bronchitis, & pneumonia
70
what is the expected respiratory rate for newborns
30-40
71
what is the expected respiratory rate for infants
30-60
72
what is the expected respiratory rate for toddlers
26-32
73
what is the expected respiratory rate for children
20-30
74
what is the expected respiratory rate for adolescents
16-20
75
what is normal O2 saturation
95% or higher
76
what abbreviation should be used when documenting the temperature was taken tympanically
T or AU
77
what abbreviation should be used when documenting the temperature was taken from axillary
Ax
78
what abbreviation should be used when documenting the temperature should be taken rectally
R
79
what abbreviation should be used when documenting the temperature was taken from temporal artery
TA
80
what can affect oral temperature readings
- drinking hot/cold liquids - chewing gum - smoking
81
does the temperature site need to be documented if temp was gained orally?
no
82
until what point are head circumferences done
36 months
83
what effect does beta-blocker medications have on vitals
decreases pulse & BP
84

MA: Chp 32 & 33 - Vitals & History (3 decks)

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