NFP Accounting Flashcards
Which financial statements are required for not - for - profit organizations?
Statement of Financial Position
Statement of Activities
Statement of Cash Flows
Statement of Functional Expense (Volunteer Health Organizations Only)
What are the major classifications found on a Statement of Financial Position?
Similar to Balance Sheet:
Assets
Liabilities
Net Assets
Unrestricted Assets
Permanently Restricted Assets
Temporarily Restricted Assets
What are the major classifications in a Statement of Activities?
Similar to an Income Statement - organization - wide:
Revenues
Expenses - ONLY deducted from Unrestricted Revenues
Gains and Losses
Changes in Net Asset classes
Unrestricted
Permanently Restricted
Temporarily Restricted
What are the characteristics of a Statement of Cash Flows for not - for - profits? What are the major classifications?
Both direct and indirect methods are OK
Operating Activities - Unrestricted Revenues and Unrestricted Expenses
Investing Activities
Financing Activities - Endowments and restricted contributions
Which organizations are required to present a Statement of Functional Expenses?
Volunteer Health Organizations
Which statements are required for non - governmental hospitals?
Balance Sheet
Statement of Operations
Statement of Changes in Net Assets
Statement of Cash Flows
Financial Statement Notes
Which basis of accounting is used for revenues and net assets?
Accrual basis of accounting is used
Only external parties can restrict the use of assets (permanent or temporary)
Assets earmarked internally by management are still classified as unrestricted
What are the characteristics of unrestricted assets or revenue?
No restrictions or conditions placed on entity in order to use the resources
Note: assets earmarked internally by management are still unrestricted
When are revenues on contributions recognized?
Revenues on contributions are recognized in the year received - not the year the contribution is spent and are recorded at Fair Value on the date received
When are services rendered considered contributions?
If the organization would have otherwise paid for them
or
They increase the value of a non - monetary asset
Is hospital charity care revenue?
NO.
It is disclosed in the notes to the financial statements only.
How are unconditional pledges to contribute recorded?
Classified as revenue in the current year only - multi - year future contributions fall under Temporarily Restricted.
Which revenues are expenses deducted from?
Expenses ONLY deducted from Unrestricted Revenues - not Temporary or Permanently Restricted Revenues/Assets
What are the characteristics of temporarily restricted assets/revenue?
Use is restricted to a future time - which could then convert to unrestricted - Class: Temp. Restricted Revenue
Unrestricted contributions promised (including multi - year contributions) - but not yet received are actually restricted by time and are therefore classified as Temporarily Restricted Assets - Multi - year contributions are recorded at the present value of the future contributions
What are the characteristics of an endowment?
Use of investment is restricted - but income from investment could be either restricted or unrestricted
Must be under control of receiving entity (Quasi Endowment) in order to be recorded in unrestricted net assets
Otherwise - a memo entry is recorded
When is the donation of an art collection recognized as a contribution or asset?
Not recognized as assets or contribution revenue if they are held of display or education’ or their sale results in the purchase of similar items
When both Temporarily Restricted Assets and Unrestricted Assets are available for use - which assets are used first?
Temporarily restricted assets are used before Unrestricted assets.
How is a refundable advance recorded by a not for profit?
Classified as a Liability
Promise to contribute assets pending on certain conditions being met
Becomes unconditional once the possibility that it won’t happen is remote
How are investments recorded and valued in not - for - profit accounting?
Fair Value is mostly used
Exception - Equity method used when significant influence exists
How are scholarships recorded?
As a reduction of revenue - netted against college’s tuition
How is depreciation expense recorded by a not - for - profit?
Depreciation expense is allocated proportionately to various functions
Define Permanently Restricted Resources
Resources such as certain assets, such as artwork, etc. that must be maintained or used in a certain way
Endowments that represent funds that must be invested permanently
Land when it must be held in perpetuity
Define Split Interest Agreement
An arrangement whereby both the donor (or beneficiary) and a not for profit organization receive benefits
Define Temporary Restricted Resources
Resources restricted to be
Used for a particular purpose
Expended at a time in the future
Invested for a period of time
Identify the 4 required elements in the statement of activities for NFP’s
Total Net Assets
Permanently Restricted Net Assets
Unrestricted Net Assets
Temporarily Restricted Net Assets
What is the recognition criteria for cash contributions
As revenues or gains in the period in which they are received, measured at fair value at the date of gift
What is the recognition criteria for unconditional pledges
recorded at fair value when received
what is the recognition criteria for conditional pledges
recognition occurs when the future event occurs or is met
What is the recognition criteria for multi-year pledges
They are recorded at Net Present Value at the date the pledge is made, with future collections considered temporarily restricted by time
How are pledges accounted for
Unconditional promises to contribute in the future are reported as restricted support at the present value of the estimated future cash flows using a discounted rate commensurate with the risks involved
How are donated materials account for?
They are recorded as revenue at fair value on the date of receipt.
Contributions of works of art, historical treasures need not be recognized as revenue if they are protected by the organization for display and if sold the proceeds of the sales are designated for the acquisitions of other works.
How are Marketable Securities reported
All debt securities and those equity securities that have readily determinable fair values are measured at Fair Value
For a university , identify Common Unrestricted Revenues
Common Unrestricted revenues include
Student Gross Tuition and Fees Gifts and Private Grants Endowment Income Government Aid Grants and Contracts Sales and Services of Educational Departments Revenues of Auxiliary Enterprises
What is included in other operating revenue for health care entities
Tuition from schools
Eductional Programs
Donated supplies and equipment
Specific Purpose Grants
What is included in non operating revenue, gains, and losses
Unrestricted interest and dividend income
Unrestricted grants
Donated services
