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Question 1

Types of migrant

Answer 1

To find new land
To find new work (economic migrant)
To take over (invader)
To escape persecution (refugee)

Question 2

Population density measurement

Answer 2

Population density is measured in the number of people per km2

Question 3

Population density

Answer 3

Total population / total area

Question 4

Reasons why people migrate 
Push factors (bad)

Answer 4

Few services
Lack of job opportunities
Unhappy life
Poor transport links
Natural disasters
Wars
Shortage of food

Question 5

Reasons why people migrate
Pull factors (good)

Answer 5

Access to services
Better job opportunities 
More entertainment facilities
Better transport links
Improved living conditions 
Hope for a better way of life
Family links

Question 6

Job categories

Answer 6

Primary - gathering materials from the Earth e.g. mining for coal, growing wheat or fishing.

Secondary - turning materials into things to sell. E.g. metals into car bodies.

Tertiary / service - you provide a service for people e.g. teach them, look after them when they’re ill, drive a taxi

Quaternary - High tech research. E.g. to develop a new medicine or do research into ICT.

Question 7

Decline of farming

Answer 7

Lots of farms have gone out of business, this is because the money that is available to help them are being cut, and because competition from supermarkets is driving prices down/

Question 8

High house prices

Answer 8

In some villages, up to 50% of the houses are owned as second homes. This means that during the week/ winter they are like “ghost towns” and local services like shops and pubs don’t have enough customers to survive.

Question 9

Loss of services

Answer 9

Many people living in rural areas depend on the services there i.e. shops, post office, doctors. If people move away from the area they may not have enough customers to survive and might have to close.

Question 10

Rural depopulation

Answer 10

There are a lack of job opportunities in rural areas, and those jobs that there are pay low wages. This means that people often have to leave rural areas - in particular young people. This is called ‘brain drain’. This causes a vicious circle, where as people leave services in villages might close down.

Question 11

Great Britain

Answer 11

England, Scotland, Wales

Question 12

United Kingdom

Answer 12

England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland

Question 13

British isles

Answer 13

England , Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland, Isle of Man

Question 14

Erosion

Answer 14

The removal of parts of the lands surface. It is caused by rivers, wind , water and ice.

Question 15

Hydraulic action

Answer 15

The force of water against the rock surface can cause air to be trapped in cracks. The pressure weakens the rock and gradually wears it away.

Question 16

Abrasion

Answer 16

Stones and rocks are thrown at the rock surface. They scrape along a rock surface. This action is like sandpaper.

Question 17

Attrition

Answer 17

Rocks and stones knock together and wear each other away.

Question 18

Solution

Answer 18

Water dissolves the surface of a rock

Question 19

Weathering

Answer 19

The slow break down of rocks on the Earth’s surface. It is caused by weather conditions such as rain or changes in temperature and sometimes plants and animals.

Question 20

Biological

Answer 20

Burrowing animals such as rabbits can burrow into a crack in a rock, making it bigger and splitting the rock. Plant roots can grow in cracks, opening the cracks in the rock.

Question 21

Chemical

Answer 21

Rainwater is slightly acidic because carbon dioxide from the air dissolves in it. Minerals in the rock may react with the rainwater, causing the rock to be weathered.

Question 22

Mechanical/physical

Answer 22

Water gets into a crack in a rock and then freezes; it expands and pushes the crack further apart. When the ice melts, water gets further into the crack. The processes repeats. This is called freeze-thaw weathering.