Newton's Laws of Motion Test Flashcards
contact force
arise from physical contact
Action-at-a-distance force (field force)
do not require contact and include gravity and electrical forces
Mass
the measure of inertia in an object
Mass is a (vector/scalar?)
scalar
Force is a (vector/scalar?)
vector
Newton’s First Law of Motion
an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion
net force
the vector sum of all of the forces action on an object
inertia
the natural tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion at a constant speed along a straight line
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Net force= m x a
In a velocity time graph, how do you find the acceleration and displacement?
To find acceleration, find the slope
To find displacement, find the area under the graph
Mass _ change when in a different location
doesn’t change
Weight _ change when in a different location
does
weight
force exerted on an object by gravity
How do you calculate weight?
W= m x g
The Normal Force
a force exerted perpendicular to a surface
Newton’s third law of motion
for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction
Friction
a resistive force that opposes the motion of an object (Ff)
Kinetic Friction
Friction in motion
How do you find kinetic friction?
Ff= mu (Fn)
The normal force is equal to _ on flat surfaces
weight
The larger the coefficient of kinetic friction the _ the force
greater
Static Friction Force
the frictional force between two surfaces that are not moving along each other
What is the equation for static friction force?
Ffr is less than or equal to mu x Fn
Tension Force
a pulling force
How do you find the tension force?
Ft= mg
Explain the inclined plane
- Fn is always perpendicular
- Mg is always downward
- X and Y axes are rotated to line up with surface of the plane
What is the x component for the inclined plane?
Fx= mg (sin theta)
What is the y component for the inclined plane?
Fy= mg (cos theta)
When there is no friction on an inclined plane how do you find the acceleration?
ax= g (sin theta)
When there is no friction on an inclined plane how do you find the normal force?
Fn= mg (cos theta)
On an inclined plane, the normal force is equal to
the y component
When there is friction on an inclined plane how do you find the acceleration?
ax= g (sin theta - mu cos theta)
When there is friction on an inclined plane how do you find the normal force?
Fn= ma (cos theta)
How do you find the normal force when pushing/ pulling something (not at an angle)
0= Fn + m(g)
How do you find the acceleration when pushing/ pulling something (not at an angle)
m (a)= Fapp- (mu) (Fn)
How do you find the normal force when pushing/pulling something at an angle?
0= Fn + Fapp y + m (g)
- push= - pull= +
