newton Flashcards
Who clearly stated the principles of dynamics for the first time?
Sir Isaac Newton (1642–1727)
Newton’s work laid the foundation for classical mechanics.
Did Newton derive the three laws of motion?
No, he deduced them from experiments performed by other scientists
Especially by Galileo Galilei.
In what situations do Newton’s laws need modification?
Extremely high speeds (near the speed of light) or very small sizes (such as within the atom)
These modifications are necessary for quantum mechanics and relativistic physics.
What do Newton’s laws of motion describe?
The relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it, and its motion in response to those forces.
How is force defined?
An object’s mass multiplied by acceleration (F = m x a)
Force is measured in Newtons (N).
What is the effect of balanced forces on an object?
The object stays still or continues moving at the same speed and in the same direction.
What causes a change in motion of an object?
Unbalanced forces
Unbalanced forces also cause acceleration.
What is net force?
The combination of all forces on an object
Measured in Newtons (N).
What is friction?
The force that causes a moving object to slow down when it touches another object
Friction is measured in Newtons (N).
How is speed defined?
A way of measuring how quickly something is moving or being done.
What is the definition of velocity?
The rate at which an object changes position in a specific direction.
What is acceleration?
The rate at which an object changes its speed or direction.
What is an applied force?
A force that is applied to an object by a person or another object.
What does Newton’s First Law or Law of Inertia state?
An object at rest tends to stay at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
What happens to an object in motion according to Newton’s First Law?
It tends to stay in motion with the same speed and direction until acted on by an unbalanced force.
What is the relationship stated in Newton’s Second Law or Law of Force and Acceleration?
The acceleration (a) of an object is dependent upon the net force (F) and the mass of the object (m).
What formula represents Newton’s Second Law?
F = m x a.
What does Newton’s Third Law or the Law of Action/Reaction state?
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Provide an example of Newton’s Third Law.
A rocket taking off.
