Newsletter Questions Flashcards
The basic ethical principles are:
1) Nonmaleficence
2) Beneficence
3) Autonomy
4) Justice
A) 1,2,3
B) 2 and 4
C) 4
D) All the above
D - All the above
An ethical dilemma occurs when one or more ethical principles are in conflict.
A) True
B) False
A –True. Therefore if only one ethical principle is in question, it is not considered an ethical dilemma. For instance if the principle of autonomy is in conflict with the principle of nonmaleficence, that would be a true ethical dilemma. Another example - if a hygienist has a patient who is required to have antibiotic premedication and they instruct the hygienist to “go head” with treatment for scaling and root planning, then that is an ethical dilemma. The patient is expressing his autonomy while the hygienist knows that lack of premedication could cause harm, thus nonmaleficence is involved.
An example of an ethical dilemma would be when an individual intentionally charges an insurance company for dental procedures that were not performed.
A) True
B) False
B – False. This would be an example of an unethical and unlawful behavior (fraud), but not an ethical dilemma
In the principle of nonmaleficence, the health care provider’s first obligation to the patient is:
A) To do no harm
B) To remove existing harm
C) To promote self-determination
D) To provide what is deserved
A – To do no harm. Nonmaleficence is the founding principle of all health professions. The patient is entrusting the health care provider with the privilege of access to their body for treatment and that is given in trust that the provider will do no harm.
Over time, the principle of nonmaleficence has evolved to include the:
1) Promotion of good
2) Prevention of harm
3) Removal of harm
4) Reduction of risk
A) 1 and 4
B) 2 and 3
C) 2 and 4
D) All of the above
B – 2 and 3. Though nonmaleficence is primarily concerned with doing no harm, over time it has evolved to include preventing and removing harm. Examples of preventing harm are when you use universal precautions or when you preserve teeth and periodontal tissues when scaling and root planning. A dental hygienist is removing harm when they treat patients who have active periodontal disease. There is a concept called “double effect” in which sometimes you might cause harm to promote the better good which is restoring the patient to health. This could involve causing some degree of pain and suffering temporarily after a scaling and root planning but in return the patient is on their way to a healthy mouth due to your treatment.
The classification of harm and good includes:
A) Not to inflict harm
B) Prevent harm
C) Remove harm
D) All the above
D – All the above. “Not to inflict harm” which is the first level, takes precedence over the 2nd , 3rd, and 4th levels.
Beneficence and nonmaleficence are often linked because they are both founded in the _______ tradition.
A) Ethical
B) Western
C) Hippocratic
D) Medical
C – Hippocratic. The Hippocratic tradition requires the physician to do what will best benefit the patient.
The following defines the healing professions and sets them apart from other occupations.
A) Commitment to assist and benefit others
B) Dedication to improving skills
C) Commitment to honest communication
D) None of the above.
A - Commitment to assist and benefit others
Which principle is heart of many ethical dilemmas that occur in dentistry?
A) Principle of nonmaleficence
B) Principle of beneficence
C) Principle of autonomy
D) Principle of justice
C - Principle of autonomy. Autonomy is what gives rise to the concept of permitting individuals to make their own decisions about their health. Sometimes what the patient believes is best is not what the healthcare provider believes is best.
______ is often listed as one of the major principles of ethics.
A) Integrity
B) Double effect
C) Veracity
D) Informed consent
C – Veracity
Fluorescent light and x-rays produce the latent image on intraoral radiographs.
The visible image on an extraoral film is the result of chemical processing of the exposed film.
A.The first statement is TRUE, the second is FALSE
B.The first statement is FALSE, the second is TRUE
C.Both statements are TRUE
D.Both statements are FALSE
D
Model plaster or stone is sifted into the water before mixing in order to: A. retard setting time B. prevent entrapment of air C. dissipate heat D. avoid distortion of final product
B
Approved Fluoride components found in over-the-counter dentrifices include: A. sodium fluoride B. stannous fluoride C. sodium monofluorophosphate D. acidulated phosphate fluoride 1. a,b and c 2. a and d 3. b, c and d 4. d only 5. all of the above
- A, B, C
Acquired pellicle is initially derived from A. Saliva B. Tooth structure C. Bacterial products D. Dietary components
A
When a patient protrudes his tongue, deviation to the right side is noted.
This suggests a disturbance in motor function of which of the following cranial nerves?
A. V
B. VII
C. X
D. XII
D -Cranial Nerve 12
