Newborn Physical Exam Flashcards
What are the components of the newborn head exam?
- Palpate fontanelles (anterior, posterior)
- Palpate sutures (coronal, sagittal, metopic, lambdoid)
- Appreciate abnormalities
What are the 4 neonatal sutures?
- Coronal
- Sagittal
- Lambdoidal
- Metopic
What are some common head abnormalities to look for?
- Caput succedaneum
- Cephalohematoma
What are the components of the newborn eye exam?
- Red reflex
- Appreciate any abnormalities (position, epicanthal folds, etc.)
What are the components of the newborn ear exam?
- Look for external abnormalities (position, ear pits, tags, etc.)
What is the main component of the newborn nose exam?
- Assess patency
What is the main component of the newborn mouth exam?
- Tongue (size, frenulum “tongue tie”)
- Assess palate via palpation
What are the components of the newborn neck exam?
- Inspect for abnormalities: webbing, clefts, pits, masses, etc.
- Palpate clavicles
- Assess range of motion
What are the components of the newborn chest exam?
- Observation (e.g. grunting, retractions)
- Auscultation
What are the components of the newborn heart exam?
- Palpation (precordium, pulses)
- Auscultation
What are the components of the newborn abdominal exam?
- Observation (flat, scaphoid, distended, etc.)
- Auscultation
- Palpation
What are the components of the newborn genitourinary exam?
- Observation
- Female: minora vs. majora, prominence, discharge, hymen, etc.
- Male: foreskin, circumcision, testes, etc.
What are the components of the newborn anal-rectal exam?
- Observation: position, fissures, etc.
What are the components of the newborn MSK exam?
- Hips (Barolow-Ortolani)
- Spine (scoliosis, tuft of hair, sacral dimple)
What are the components of the newborn neurologic exam?
- Tone
- Primitive reflexes (suck, grasp, root, Moro)
