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MCN 1 LEC > NEWBORN CARE > Flashcards

NEWBORN CARE Flashcards

1
Q

“the first 28days of life”

A

NEONATE

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2
Q

Normal RR

A

30-60 cpm

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3
Q

Normal BT

A

36.5 – 37.5 C

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4
Q

Normal HR

A

120-160 bpm

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5
Q

Weight

A

5.5- 7.5 lbs

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6
Q

Length

A

46-54 cm

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7
Q

Head Circumference

A

34-35 cm

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8
Q

Chest Circumference

A

32- 33 cm

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9
Q

Abdominal Circumference

A

32-33 cm

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10
Q

Maintenance of patent airway

A

slight trendelenburg position

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11
Q

Provision of warmth

A

kangaroo hold

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12
Q

Nutrition

A

breastfeed per demand

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13
Q

Protection

A

from infection and injury

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14
Q

> 5-10% weight loss

A

1st few days of life

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15
Q

Recaptures BW within ______

A

10 days

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16
Q

first 6 months of life

A

2 lbs/mo (6-8 oz/wk)

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17
Q

NB is no longer under the influence of
maternal hormone

A

WEIGHT LOSS CAUSES

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18
Q

NB voids and passes stool

A

WEIGHT LOSS CAUSES

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19
Q

NB experiences diuresis on the 2nd and 3rd
day of life

A

WEIGHT LOSS CAUSES

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20
Q

NB receives low calorie content milk (colostrum) on the 1st 3 days of life.

A

WEIGHT LOSS CAUSES

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21
Q

NB has ineffective sucking on the 1st few
days of life

A

WEIGHT LOSS CAUSES

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22
Q

Due to increased concentration of RBC and
decreased amount of subcutaneous fat.

A

RED COMPLEXION

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23
Q

due to peripheral circulation

A

CYANOSIS

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24
Q

First 24-48 hrs after birth. (upper and lower extremities

A

ACROCYANOSIS

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25
Q
  • Common
  • Central cyanosis (cyanosis of the trunk),
    cause of concern due to decreased
    oxygenation.
  • Result from temporary respiratory
    obstruction or an underlying disease state
A

MOTTLING

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26
Q

Yellowish discoloration of the skin due to
serum bilirubin of more than 7mg/100ml

A

JAUNDICE

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27
Q

Collection of blood under periosteum of the
skull bone

A

CEPHALHEMATOMA

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28
Q

White cream cheese-like substance that
serves as a skin lubricant

A

VERNIX CASEOSA

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29
Q
  • Fine, downy hair that covers a newborn’s
    shoulder, back, upper arm, forehead and
    ears
A

LANUGO

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30
Q

Skin peeling due to change of squamous cells

A

DESQUAMATION

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31
Q

White papule due to a plugged or unopened
sebaceous gland found on the cheek, across
the bridge of the nose, and chin

A

MILIA

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32
Q
  • “Newborn rash”
  • Lack of pattern, also known as “flea bite”
    rash
  • Needs no treatment
A

ERYTHEMA TOXICUM

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33
Q
  • result of anemia
  • Excessive blood loss when cord was cut
  • Short lived RBC
  • Poor maternal nutrition: low iron store
A

PALLOR

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34
Q
  • Redness on dependent side
  • Due to immature circulation
A

HARLEQUIN SIGN

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35
Q

a) Vascular tumors of the skin
b) Strawberry hemangiomas
c) Cavernous Hemangiomas
d) Mongolian spot

A

BIRTHMARKS (Hemangiomas)

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36
Q
  • Collection of pigment cells that appear as
    slate gray patches across the sacrum or
    buttocks and possibly the arms and legs
  • Disappears by school age without
    treatment
  • Common in Asian, southern European
A

MONGOLIAN SPOT

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37
Q
  • Circular or linear contusion matching the
    shape of the blade of forceps, disappears
    in 1-2 days
A

FORCEPS MARK

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38
Q
  • Spaces or opening where the skull bones join
A

FONTANELLES

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39
Q
  • Located at the junction of the 2 parietal
    lobes and frontal lobe, diamond in shape
  • Closes at 12 to 18 months
A

ANTERIOR FONTANELLES

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40
Q
  • Located at the junction of parietal bones
    and the occiput bone, triangular in shape
  • Closes by the end of second month
A

POSTERIOR FONTANELLES

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41
Q
  • Separating lines of the skull, may override at
    birth because of the extreme pressure
    exerted by passage through the birth canal.
A

SUTURES

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42
Q
  • Presenting head part that engages in the
    cervix molds to fit the cervix contour.
  • Normal shape is restored after a few days to
    one week
A

MOLDING

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43
Q
  • Edema of the scalp at the presenting part
  • Disappear at 3rd day of life w/o treatment
A

. CAPUT SUCCEDANEUM

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44
Q
  • Collection of blood between the periosteum of the skull bone and the bone itself caused by rupture of a periosteum capillary due to
    pressure at birth.
  • Occurs 24 hrs after birth, will subside by
    itself after a few weeks
A

CEPHALHEMATOMA

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45
Q

Outer canthus of the eye should be in line with the upper pinna

A

EARS

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46
Q

May appear large for the face

A

NOSE

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47
Q

Suction ________ first before the ______ to prevent air from forcing mucus back into the bronchi and alveoli

A

MOUTH
NOSE

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48
Q

Newborns are obligatory nose breathers until
they are about ________

A

3 weeks

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49
Q

small round glistening, well circumscribed cyst

A

Epstein pearl

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50
Q

Short and should not be rigid

A

NECK

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51
Q
  • May have breast engorgement that will
    subside in a week time, do not manipulate.
  • May secrete thin, watery fluid “witch’s milk”
A

CHEST

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52
Q
  • Slightly protuberant
  • Bowel sounds can be heard after ______
A

ABDOMEN
1 HR

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53
Q
  • Straight and flat
  • Lumbar and sacral curves start to develop
    when child has learned how to sit up or stand
A

BACK

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54
Q
  • Proportional in length
  • Legs are normally bowed
A

EXTREMITIES

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55
Q

(Newborn act of 2004 – RA 9288)

A

NEWBORN SCREENING

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56
Q
  • A procedure done to find out if your baby has a congenital metabolic disorder that may lead to mental retardation and even death if left untreated.
A

NEWBORN SCREENING

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57
Q

Ideally done 24 hours after CHON intake

A

NEWBORN SCREENING

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58
Q

Using the ______ method, a few drops of
blood are taken and blotted on a special
absorbent filter card.

A

heel prick

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59
Q

If result is positive…

A
  • confirmatory testing should be done
  • If confirmed, refer to specialist
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60
Q
  • Most common, absence or lack of thyroid
    hormone which is essential to growth of the
    brain and the body
A

CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM (CH)

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61
Q
  • Most rare but dangerous because it can
    cause death within 9-13 days, causes severe
    salt loss, dehydration, & abnormally high
    levels of male sex hormones
A

CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA (CAH)

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62
Q
  • Unable to process galactose.
  • Excessive galactose in the blood can cause
    liver damage, brain damage, & cataracts
A

GALACTOSEMIA (GAL)

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63
Q
  • Unable to process phenylalanine (building
    blocks of CHON); causes brain damage.
A

PHENYLKETONURIA (PKU)

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64
Q
  • Deficiency (G6PD Def)
  • Lacks the enzyme G6PD, prone to hemolytic
    anemia once exposed to oxidative
    substances found in drugs, food, &
    chemicals
A

GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE

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65
Q
  • Done at 1st minute of life and then after 5
    minutes of life
A

APGAR SCORING

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66
Q

infant will do well in normal newborn
nursery

A

7-10 : good condition (APGAR SCORE INTERPRETATION)

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67
Q

infant needs specialized, intensive care

A

4-6 : moderately depressed (APGAR SCORE INTERPRETATION)

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68
Q
  • CPR is needed
  • prognosis of newborn is grave
A

0-3 : severely depressed (APGAR SCORE INTERPRETATION)

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69
Q

Birth or anytime at birth

A

BCG

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70
Q

0.5 ML, ID, R Deltoid Region of the Arm

A

BCG

71
Q

1 Dose

A

BCG

72
Q

Given at earliest possible age protects the
possibility of TB meningitis and other TB infections in which infants are prone.

A

BCG

73
Q

6 WEEKS old

A

DPT

74
Q

0.5 ML, IM, upper outer portion of the thighs

A

DPT

75
Q

3 doses; 4 weeks interval

A

DPT

76
Q

An early start reduces the chance of
severe pertussis.

A

DPT

77
Q

6 WEEKS old

A

OPV

78
Q

2-3 gtts/drops, ORAL

A

OPV

79
Q

3 doses; 4 weeks interval

A

OPV

80
Q

The extent of protection of polio is increased the earlier the this is given.

A

OPV

81
Q
  • Keeps Ph Polio-free
A

OPV

82
Q

At birth

A

HEPA B

83
Q

6 WEEKS interval from 1st dose to 2nd dose

A

HEPA B

84
Q
  • 8 WEEKS interval from 2nd dose to 3rd dose
A

HEPA B

85
Q

0.5 ML, IM, upper outer portion of the thighs

A

HEPA B

86
Q

3 DOSES, 4 weeks interval

A

HEPA B

87
Q

An early start of this reduces the
chance of being infected and becoming a carrier.

A

HEPA B

88
Q

Prevents liver cirrhosis and liver cancer which are more likely to develop if infected with HEPA-B early in life.

A

HEPA B

89
Q

About ______ die of complications of HEPA-B

A

9,000

90
Q

___ % of Filipinos have HEPA-B

A

10%

91
Q

___ % of Filipinos have HEPA-B

A

10%

92
Q

9 MONTHS old

A

MEASLES

93
Q
  • 0.5 ML, SUBCU, , upper outer portion of the arms
A

MEASLES

94
Q

1 Dose

A

MEASLES

95
Q

At least ___% of measles can be prevented by
immunization at this age.

A

85%

96
Q

Present as soon as nose is clear of mucus
and amniotic fluid

A

SMELL

97
Q

Well developed at birth, as evidenced by
reaction to painful stimuli

A

TOUCH

98
Q

are developed and functioning
before birth, as evidenced by swallowing
sweet tasting milk more readily than the
bitter taste of salt.

A

TASTE

99
Q

are developed and functioning
before birth, as evidenced by swallowing
sweet tasting milk more readily than the
bitter taste of salt.

A

TASTE

100
Q
  • They can see as soon as they are born and
    possibly have been seeing in utero for the
    last month of pregnancy
A

VISION

101
Q
  • Blinking and pupillary reflex is present at
    birth, can focus on object not exceeding the
    midline at 9 to 12 inches.
A

VISION

102
Q

Appears to have difficulty locating the
sound, but is able to hear

A

HEARING

103
Q

NB has _______ Nervous system

A

IMMATURE

104
Q

Hepatitis b vaccine is given on the _____
of life.

A

FIRST 12 HRS

105
Q

Urine should be present within _______

A

24 hrs after birth

106
Q

light colored and odorless

A

URINE

107
Q

At ___ week, urine concentration and
reabsorption is evident (15 ml/void)

A

6th

108
Q

sticky, blackish green, odorless
material from mucus, vernix, lanugo,
hormones that accumulate during intrauterine life, evident within the 1st 24 hrs.

A

Meconium

109
Q

NB has ______ liver

A

IMMATURE

110
Q
  • ductus arteriosus
  • foramen ovale
  • ductus venosus.
A

Structures open intrauterinely

111
Q

Peripheral circualtion is sluggish during the
first ___ hrs

A

24

112
Q

common due to trauma at birth

A

LEUKOCYTOSIS

113
Q

BP is not routinely measured

A

TRUE

114
Q

A response to a stimulus that occurs w/o counscious thought.

A

REFLEX

115
Q

Within the first mins. after birth, nurses and doctors assess _____

A

REFLEXES

116
Q

Elicited by sshining a strong light on an eye. A sudden eye movement toward the eye sometimes can elicit this.

A

BLINK REFLEX

117
Q

To protect eye from any object coming near by rapid eyelid closure.

A

BLINKING REFLEX

118
Q

If the cheek is brushed near the corner of the mouth, NB will turn in that direction.

A

ROOTING REFLEX

119
Q

Serves to help NB find food

A

ROOTING REFLEX

120
Q

ROOTING REFLEX disappears at ____ week of life.

A

6th

121
Q

Newborn eyes focus steadily so a food source can be seen and the reflex is no longer needed.

A

DEVELOPMENT

122
Q

When a baby’s lips are touched, baby makes a sucking motion.

A

SUCKING REFLEX

123
Q

Helps find food when the NB’s lips touch mother’s breast or a bottle, the baby sucks and takes in food.

A

SUCKING REFLEX

124
Q

SUCKING REFLEX disappear at ___ months.

A

6 months

125
Q

Can be maintained by offering a pacifier.

A

SUCKING REFLEX

126
Q

Food that reaches the posterior portion of the tongue automatically swallowed.

A

SWALLOWING REFLEX

127
Q

_______, _________, and _______ reflexes are also present to maintain a clear airway in the event that normal swallowing does not keep the pharync ree of obstructing mucus.

A

Gag, cough, and sneeze

128
Q

NB extrudes any substance placed on the anterior portion of tongue.

A

EXTRUSION REFLEX

129
Q

Prevents swallowing of inedible substances.

A

EXTRUSION REFLEX

130
Q

EXTRUSION REFLEX disappears at ___ months of age. Until then, infant may seem to be spitting out ot refusing solid food placed in mouth.

A

4 months

131
Q

NB who are held in a certical position with their feet touching a hard surface will take a few quick, alternating steps.

A

STEP (WALK)-IN-PLACE REFLEX

132
Q

STEP (WALK)-IN-PLACE REFLEX disappears by ___ months of age.

A

3 months

133
Q

By ___ months, babies can hear a good portion of their weight unhindered by STEP (WALK)-IN-PLACE REFLEX

A

4 months

134
Q

Similar to step-in-place reflex, except that elicited by touching the anterior surface of the NB’s leg against a hard surface like the edge of the basisnet/table

A

PLACING REFLEX

135
Q

NB makes a few quick lifting motions, as if to step onto the table.

A

PLACING REFLEX

136
Q

NB grasp object placed in their palm by closing their fingers on it.

A

PALMAR GRASP REFLEX

137
Q

PALMAR GRASP REFLEX disappears at about ___ weeks to ___ months of age.

A

8 weeks
3 months

138
Q

A baby begins to grasp MEANINGFULLY at about ____ months.

A

3 months

139
Q

When an object touches the sole of a NB’s foot at the base of the toes, the toes grasp in the same manner as the fingers do.

A

PLANTAR GRASP REFLEX

140
Q

PLANTAR GRAPS REFLEX disappears at about _____ to ___ months of age in PREPARATION FOR WALKING. Howver, it may be present during sleep for a longer period

A

8-9 months

141
Q

If you turn a NB’s head to the opposite side, he will often change the extension/contraction of legs and arms accdgly.

A

TONIC NECK REFLEX

142
Q

Also called the “boxer or fencing reflex”

A

TONIC NECK REFLEX

143
Q

TONIC NECK REFLEX disappears betw. the ____ and ____ months of life

A

2nd and 3rd months

144
Q

initiated by startling a NB w/ a loud noise or by jarring the bassinet.

A

MORO (STARTLE) REFLEX

145
Q

The most accurate method of eliciting MORO REFLEX is to?

A

Hold the NB in a SUPINE position and allow their heads to drop backward about 1 inch.

146
Q

MORO REFLEX is strong for the first ____ weeks but disappear by the end of the ____ or ____ months. At the same time, the infant can roll away from danger.

A

8 weeks
5th or 9th month

147
Q

When the side of the foot sole is stroked in an inverted J curve from the heel upward, a NB fans the toes (+ Babinsk). In contrast to the adult, who flexes the toes.

A

BABINSKI REFLEX

148
Q

Occurs because the nervous system development is IMMATURE. It remains + (toes fan) until at least ___ months of age, when it is supplanted by the down-turning or adult flexion repsonse.

A

3 months

149
Q

If pressure is applied to the soles of the NB lying in a SUPINE POSITION, he PUSHES BACK AGAINST the pressure.

A

MAGNET REFLEX

150
Q

This and 2 following reflexes are tests of spinal cord integrity.

A

MAGNET REFLEX

151
Q

If one leg of a NB lying supine is extended and the foot sole is irritated by being rubbed w/ a sharp object, infant raises the other leg and extends it, as if trying to push away the hand irritating the first leg.

A

CROSSED EXTENSION REFLEX

152
Q

When NB lie in a prone position and are touched along the paravertebral line area by a probing finger, they flex their trunk and swing their pelvis toward the touch.

A

TRUNK INCURVATION REFLEX

153
Q

A NB who is held in a PRONE POSITION w/ a hand underneath, supporting the trunk should demonstrate some muscle tone.

A

LANDAU REFLEX

154
Q

Babies may not be able to lift their head or arch their back in the position (as they will at 3 mos.), but neither should they sag into an inverted U position. The latter response indicates _____

A

EXTREMELY POOR MUSCLE TONE

155
Q

A patellar reflex can be elicited in a NB by tapping the patellar tendon with the tip of the finger.

A

DEEP TENDON REFLEXES

156
Q

Test for spinal nerves C5 and C6

A

BICEPS REFLEX

157
Q

test for spinal nervse L2 through L4

A

PATELLAR REFLEX

158
Q

Given at earliest possible age protects the possibility of TB meningitis and other TB infections in which infants are prone.

A

BCG VAX

159
Q

An early start with this reduces the chance of severe pertussis.

A

DPT VAX

160
Q

The extent of protection of polio is increased the earlier this is given.

A

OPV VAX

161
Q

An early start of this vaccine reduces the chance of being infected and becoming a carrier.

A

HEPA B VAX

162
Q

Prevents liver cirrhosis and liver cancer

A

HEPA B VAX

163
Q

At least 85% of measles can be prevented by immunization at this age.

A

MEASLES VAX

164
Q

0.5 ML, SUBCU, , upper outer portion of the arms

A

MEASLES VAX

165
Q

0.5 ML, IM, upper outer portion of the thighs

A
  • HEPA B VAX
  • DPT VAX
166
Q

2-3 gtts/drops, ORAL

A

OPV VAX

167
Q

0.5 ML, ID, R Deltoid Region of the Arm

A

BCG VAX

168
Q

Birth or anytime at birth

A
  • BCG VAX
  • HEPA B VAX
169
Q

6 WEEKS old

A
  • DPT VAX
  • OPV VAX
170
Q

9 MONTHS old

A

MEASLES VAX

171
Q

1 Dose

A
  • BCG VAX
  • MEASLES VAX
172
Q

3 DOSES, 4 weeks interval

A
  • OPV VAX
  • HEPA B VAX
  • DPT VAX
173
Q

6 WEEKS interval from 1st dose to 2nd dose

A

HEPA B VAX

MCN 1 LEC (5 decks)

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