Newborn Assessment Flashcards
term newborns have ruddy complexion because of the increased concentration of red blood cells and a decreased in the amount of subcutaneous fat, which makes the blood vessels more visible.
Color
blueness of the hands and feet.
Acrocynosis
cyanosis of the trunk indicates decreased oxygenation.
Central Cyanosis
occurs on the 2nd or 3rd day of life .
HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA
newborn who has been lying on his/her side appears red on the dependent side of the body and pale on the upper side, as if a line had been drawn down the center of the body
Harlequin Sign
macular purple or dark-red lesion
sometimes called as (port-wine stain).
> typically appear on the face, thigh, nose
Nevus flammeus
refers to elevated areas formed by immature capillaries and endothelial cells.
Strawberry Hemangiomas
are collections of pigment cells (melanocytes) that appear as slate-gray patches across the sacrum or buttocks or in the arms and legs.
> occur in Asian, Southern European and African ethnicity.
Mongolian Spots
a white, cream cheese-like substance that serves as a skin lubricant in the utero. Most noticeable on a term newborn’s skin.
Vernix Caseosa
fine downy hair that covers a newborn’s
shoulders, back and upper arms.
> baby born on 37 to 39 weeks have more lanugo than 40 weeks’ gestational age.
> it disappears in 2 wks.
Lanugo
24 hours after birth the skin of most newborns extremely dry, this results in areas of peeling similar to those caused by sunburn.
Desquamation
white papule (a plugged or unopened sebaceous gland) found on the cheek or across the bridge of the nose.
> disappear by 2 to 4 wks
Milia
flea bite rash, appears on the 1st – 4th day of life, but may appear up to 2 weeks. small papule. No treatment requires.
Erythema Toxicum
circular or linear contusion matching the rim of the blade of the forceps on the infant’s cheek. Marks disappears in 1 or 2 days.
> assess the facial nerve while a newborn is at rest and during crying. Detect for facial nerve compression.
Forceps Marks
ewborn skin should feel resilient if the underlying tissue is well hydrated.
Skin Turgor
is an abnormal connection in one or more places between the esophagus (the tube that leads from the throat to the stomach) and the trachea (the tube that leads from the throat to the windpipe and lungs).
Tracheoesophageal fistula
when the upper part of the esophagus does not connect with the lower esophagus and stomach.
> is seen if the mouth is with plenty of mucus that they seem to be blowing bubbles.
Esophageal atresia
candida infection, tongue and sides of the cheek as white as gray patches.
Oral Thrush
glistening, well circumscribed cyst on the palate due to increase Ca level.
> this is insignificant, no treatment and will disappear within 1 week.
Epstein pearls
blockage at the rear of the nose
Choanal atresia
is given at birth to protect from Chlamydia infection and opthalmia
Erythromycin
crossing of eye
Strabismus
localized softening of the cranial bones
Craniotabes
is a collection of blood between the surface of a cranial bone and the periosteal membrane.
Cephalhematoma
-Edema of the scalp at the
presenting part of the head.
-is a collection of fluid (serum) under the scalp.
Caput Succedaneum
part of the infant’s head that engaged the cervix molds to fit the cervix contours during labor.
Molding
separating lines of the skull, may override at birth because of the extreme pressure exerted on the head during passage through the birth canal.
Sutures
Sole of the feet will appear to be flat because of the extra pad of fat in the longitudinal arch.
Extremities
A foot or clubfoot, also called
-is a congenital deformity involving one foot or both. The affected foot looks like it has been rotated internally at the
ankle.
congenital talipes equinovarus(CTEV),
