Newborn Assessment: 10 DONE Flashcards
Newborn assessment
normal weight?
normal length?
Head circumference
Posture?
Weight: ~2500-4500grams//5.5-10lbs)
Length (normal is 18-22 inches)
Head circumference - measured at largest circumference above the ears.
Posture
* Flexion, muscle tone
* Moves extremities equally
Head
suture lines?
fontanels?
Shape, Size, Molding
Suture lines: normal to be overriding
Fontanels: should be in line with skull, not too depressed or bulging
Caput succedaneum?
what is it?
How long does it last?
very common cone head, crosses suture lines
(lasts 3-4 days)
Cephalohematoma?
What is it?
How long does it last?
Higher risk of?
lump under the head, does not cross suture lines
(lasts up to 8 weeks)
higher risk of jaundice!!!!!!!!!
Sclera should be?
ears?
mouth?
Nose?
Eyes: Sclera should be white
Ears (Low set: if ears lower than eye line, might be genetic issues.
Mouth: palate, lips intact.
Nose: nares patent (open)
Chest, Abdomen
Check what on chest?
Assess?
Asses what in breast tissue?
Resp effort?
first thing to do if something is off?
Heart sounds?
Whats common in first 24 hours?
Shape, size, symmetrical movement of chest with breathing
Assess clavicles for crepitus
Breast tissue
* Placement
* Development
* Nipples
Breath sounds equal bilaterally
Respiratory effort: no grunting, flaring, retractions, tachypnea-
PULSE OX is first thing you do if notice something off!!!!
Heart sounds
* S1 and S2
* Murmurs common in first 24 hours.
Abdomen
How should umbilical cord look?
Abdomen should be?
Bowel sounds may be heard?
Umbilical cord
* 3 vessels
* Color (clear yellow gelatinous)
* Condition of cord
* Hernia (pouching of intestine)
Abdomen soft, non-distended
Bowel sounds may be heard in chest
Genitalia
Swelling?
Development of genitalia?
Void?
Discharge/bleeding?
Male-Undescended testes?
Hydrocele?
Hypospadias?
Epispadias?
Swelling of genitals is normal in the first couple of days
Development of genitalia depends on gestational age.
Younger = less developed
Void within 24 hours of birth
Vaginal discharge/bleeding is normal
Male-Undescended testes: one or both testicles are missing from the scrotum
Hydrocele: fluid filled sac that forms around the scrotum
Male-Hypospadias: opening under penis
Epispadias: on top of penis (delay circumcision)
Back
Spine?
Anus? first stool within?
Uneven Gluteal folds?
Spine without openings, masses, curves, dimples, or tufts of hair
Anus – patent and first stool passed within 24 hours
Gluteal folds are even (uneven could suggest hip dysplasia)
Extremities
Syndactyly?
Worth noting?
What is club foot?
Syndactyly: condition where two or more fingers are joined together by skin or bone
Asymmetrical or limited movement worth noting
Club foot: feet turned in laterally
Reflexes
Sucking?
Swallowing?
Rooting?
Moro - startle?
Babinski?
Palmer?
Sucking: Strong sucking movements of mouth
Swallowing: Follows sucking, usually at pause, can be seen in the neck
Rooting: When cheek is touched or stroked, infant turns head and opens mouth
Moro - startle: General body response to sudden stimulus – extension & abduction of limbs
Babinski: Upward stroking of sole and across ball of foot – great toes to hyperextend and foot to dorsiflex
Palmer: Touching palms of hands and feet cause flexion of fingers or toes
Skin
Color?
Acrocyanosis?
Skin may
Vernix and lanugo?
Congenital dermal melanocytosis?
Mottling?
Color (dark red/purple, transitions to pinkish hues)
Acrocyanosis: blue hands, blue feet
Skin may flake/peel: normal
Vernix and lanugo: small hair
Congenital dermal melanocytosis: seen on trunk and back. DOCUMENT
Mottling: scaled patches. Baby is cold, check temp!!!
Jaundice Before/after 24 hours? what is it called?
Hemangiomas?
Nevus simplex
Nevus flammeus?
Erythema toxicum?
Before 24 hours: pathological
After 24 hours: physiological (normal)
Hemangiomas: overgrowth of blood vessels
Nevus simplex: benign and blanchable, will fade
Nevus flammeus: not blanchable, does not fade
Erythema toxicum: newborn rash
