Newborn Flashcards
Fetal alcohol syndrome: newborn findings
- SGA and microcephaly
- small palpebral fissures, short nose, smooth philthrum
- VSDs
- CNS abnormalities: mental retardation
Effect of sulfa drugs on bilirubin level
Compete with bilirubin for binding sites, dislocating bilirubin
Effect of metabolic acidosis on bilirubin level
Decreases bilirubin binding, increases levels
CHARGE association
- coloboma (malformation of eye)
- heart disease
- choanal atresia (back of nasal passage blocked)
- retarded growth and development
- genital hypoplasia
- ear abnormalities
VZV prophylaxis
- give VZIG immediately after delivery if onset within 5 days prior to del
- give VZIG immediately if diagnosed in mom within 2 days after delivery
- no need for IG or isolation if infant was born full term and exposed 2+ days postnatally
Necrotizing enterocolitis: radiographic findgins and presentation
- radiograph: distended bowel loops, air in bowel wall
- presentation; feeding intolerance, distended abdomen
Risks with SGA baby
- congenital anomalies
- future growth retardation
- neonatal asphyxia and mec aspiration
- symptomatic hypoglycemia
- elevated HCT
Klumpke paralysis
injury to C7, C8, and T1 resulting in palsy of the hand
Hyperviscosity syndrome
- tremuluous and jittery –> seizures
- sludging in cerebral microcirculation or frank thrombosis
- treat with partial exchange transfusion with NS or LR
Mec aspiration management at del
- HR over 100 and resp unlabored: routine management
- HR less than 100, floppy, depressed: endotracheal intubation
Ophthalmia neonatorum
Chemical: within 6-12 hours of birth due to silver nitrate use for ppx
GC: Onset within 2-5 days after birth; most serious of the eye infections; treat with topical and sstemic antibiotics; treat baby and parents
CT: Onset 5-14 days after; systemic antibiotics
Turner syndrome at birth
- low weight and low length
- edema over dorsum of hands/feet
- loose skin folds at nape of neck
- HTN
- high palate
Management of cleft lip/palate
- eval for other defects
- watch out for recurrent otitis media/hearing loss
- repair lip at 2-3 mos
- repair palate at 6mos - 5 yrs
Congenital hypothyroidism: physical findings
- umbilical hernia and distended abdomen
- enlarged head and fontanelles
- hypothermia and jaundice
- feeding problems, constipation
Congenital syphilis
- skin lesions: maculopapular peeling rash on face, palms, and soles
- rhinitis
- HSM and LAD
- symphilic hepatitis - early jaundice
