Newborn Flashcards
known as icterus develops with a yellowing of skin, sclera, and mucous membranes
jaundice
persistent cyanosis of fingers, hands, toes, and feet with mottled blue or red discoloration and coldness
acrocyanosis
A: appearance (color)
P: pulse (heart rate)
G: grimace (reflex irritability)
A: activity (muscle tone)
R: respiratory (respiratory effort)
APGAR score
environment in which body temperature is maintained without an increase in metabolic rate or oxygen
neutral thermal environment
weight more than 90th percentile on standard growth charts usually >9 lb
large for gestational age (LGA)
weight less than the 10 percentile on standard growth charts usually > 5.5 lb
small for gestational age (SGA)
pathologic counterpart of SGA
fetal growth restriction (FGR)
excessive heat loss that requires a newborn to use compensatory mechanisms such as nonshivering thermogenesis and tachypnea to maintain core body temperature
cold stress
composed of amniotic fluid, shed mucosal cells, intestinal secretions and blood
meconium
sucking- gently stimulating newborn’s lips by touching thme
Moro- embrace occurs when startled, place on back, using a lifting motion without lifting newborn off surfacem release arms suddenly, fingers C shape
stepping- holding upright inclined forward with soles of feet touching a flat surface, should make stepping motion
tonic neck- stance of a fencer, turn baby’s head to one side arm toward which facing should extend straight out
rooting- stroking newborn’s cheek, turn toward side that was stroked and begin sucking movements
Babinski- stroking lateral sole of foot from heel toward and across ball of foot, toes should fan out
palmar and plantar grasp- palmar place a finger on newborn’s open palm close around finger attempt to remove grip tighten. Plantar similar newborn’s toes should curl over finger
newborn reflex
surface tension reducing lipoprotein found in newborn’s lungs that prevents alveolar collapse at end of expiration and loss of lung volume
surfactant
proccess of maintaining the balance between heat loss and heat production in order to maintain body’s core internal temperature
thermoregulation
cessation of breathing that lasts 5 to 10 seconds without changes in color or heart rate
periodic breathing
pearly-white or pale yellow unopened sebaceous glands that form in a newborn’s mouth and gums
Epstein pearls
newborn rash is a benign, idiopathic generalized, transient rash that occurs in up to 70% of all newborns during first week of life
erythema toxicum
multiple pearly-white or pale yellow unopened sebaceous glands frequently found on a newborn’s nose
milia
benign blue or purple splotches that appear solitary on lower back and buttocks of newborns but may occur as multiple over legs and shoulders
Mongolian spots
elongated shaping of fetal head to accommodate passage through birth canal
molding
salmon patches are superficial vascular areas found on nape of neck, on the eyelids, and between the eyes and upper lip
stork bites
thick white substance that protects the skin of the fetus
vernix caseosa
dilation of blood vessels on only one side of the body giving the newborn the appearance of wearing a clown suit
harlequin sign
port-wine stain, commonly appears on newborn’s face or other body areas
nevus flammeus
strawberry mark or strawberry hemangioma, benign capillary hemangioma in dermal and subdermal layers
nevus vasculosus
before 37 weeks
preterm neonate
