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WSET Level 3 RLM > New Zealand > Flashcards

New Zealand Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the main regions covered in L3?

A 
Auckland
Gisborne
Hawke's Bay
Wairarapa - Martinborough
Marlborough - Wairau, Awatere
Nelson
Canterbury
Central Otago
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2
Q

What are the main white varieties grown?

A 
Sauvignon Blanc
Chardonnay
Riesling
Gewürztraminer
Pinot Gris
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3
Q

What are the main black varieties grown?

A

Pinot Noir
Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon
Syrah

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4
Q

What ocean is NZ located in?

A

Pacific Ocean

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5
Q

What is the climate overall for New Zealand?

A

Maritime

South Island is cool;
North Island is wamer

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6
Q

What is the weather like?

A

Long sunshine hours;

cool nights from sea breezes;

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7
Q

What does the long ripening period provide?

A

Grapes reach high levels of sugar and flavour ripeness,

retains acidity

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8
Q

Where do vineyards on the South Island tend to be and why?

A

On the east;

Protected by mountains from rain-bearing winds from the west

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9
Q

What are the soils like?

A

Free draining;

do not experience waterlogging

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10
Q

What happens to vines on flat land?

A

Can be too fertile; excessive shot and leaf growth

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11
Q

What do the viticulturists do to manage vine vigour?

A

Trellising;

other canopy management techniques

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12
Q

What are some practices that NZ industry committed to?

A

Environmental impact and sustainability

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13
Q

What are NZ Sauvignon Blancs like?

A

Intense elderflower and passionfruit;
High acidity

Majority of the wine production

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14
Q

What are the differences between North and South Island Sauvignon Blancs?

A

NI: warmer so more tropical favours

SI: cooler so higher acidity, green bell pepper and gooseberry

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15
Q

How are most SB’s fermented?

A

Inert vessels and cool temperatures to keep fresh fruity flavours and aromas

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16
Q

What are NZ Chardonnay’s like?

A

This is also widely planted, made in similar ways as to other countries

Different wine making techniques explored, so a diversity in wines

Generally:
concentrated citrus and tropical fruits; hints of toast and sweet spice from French new oak

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17
Q

What are Riesling, Gewurztraminer and Pinot Gris’ like?

A

Dry autumns; cool night temps, so aromatics develop before grapes are harvested

Range from dry to sweet;
off-dry most prevalent

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18
Q

What are NZ Pinot Noir’s like?

A

Second most planted after SB;

Vibrant fruit, ripe tannins, soft texture, high alcohol;

Distinct regional styles

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19
Q

Which island PN widely grown?

A

South Island; few selected sites on NI

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20
Q

What is the second greatest number of black grape plantings after PN?

A

Merlot

Limited compared to PN

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21
Q

What are Cabernet Sauvignon’s blended in Merlot’s?

A

Adds tannin;
notes of cassis
Makes a Bordeaux-style blend

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22
Q

What are Merlot-Cab Sav blends noted for?

A

Purity of fruit flavours;

23
Q

Where are the majority of Merlot-Cab blends produced?

A

North Island; warmer temperatures help ripen these grapes

24
Q

What are NZ Syrahs

A

Elegant, close in styles to Rhone, rather than Australia (hotter in Oz)
Small plantings, increasing
Better in warmer sites.

25
Q

What is the weather in Auckland like?

A

Warm and wettest in NZ;

Fungal disease is an issue

26
Q

What are the main varieties?

A

Chardonnay
Merlot
Syrah

27
Q

Where is Waiheke Island?

A

Immediately east to Auckland;

top quality wines, especially reds

28
Q

Where are the vineyards in Gisborne located?

A

On the east coast, in broad estuary plain close to the town of Gisborne

29
Q

What is the weather like in Gisborne?

A

high rainfall; high temperatures; lots of sunshine

30
Q

What are the main varieties grown?

A

Chardonnay: over half the plantings; distinct ripe, tropical fruit flavours

Some high-quality Gewurztraminer;
some full-bodied Pinot Gris

31
Q

Where is Hawke’s Bay?

A

Close to twin towns of Hastings and Napier; on east coast of the NI in an estuary plain

32
Q

What is the weather like in Hawke’s Bay?

A

Warmest of the main growing areas;

long sunshine hours

33
Q

Which region is second to Marlborough in plantings?

A

Hawke’s Bay

34
Q

Why do wine styles vary in Hawke’s Bay?

A

Diverse soils, aspect and altitude of plantings

35
Q

What are Hawke’s Bay’s main varieties?

A

Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon
(Bordeaux style blends)
Premium Syrah

36
Q

What is Gimblett Gravels?

A

Parcel of well-drained heat-absorbing gravel soil on the valley floor, Hawke’s Bay;
High reputation for black varieties

37
Q

Where is Wairarapa

A

Small vineyards areas, spread over wide area at bottom of NI

38
Q

What is the most important area in Wairarapa?

A

Around the small town of Martinborough

39
Q

What variety does Martinborough have a global reputation for and what are the wines like?

A

Pinot Noir

Medium- to full-bodied;
ripe with hints of dark plum and spice

40
Q

What is the weather like in Wairarapa, Martinborough like?

A

High summer temperatures;

Wide diurnal range makes suitable for PN

41
Q

Where is the main centre for grape growing and what is the majority variety planted?

A

Marlborough, South Island

Sauvignon Blanc

42
Q

What are the two adjacent estuary valleys?

A

Wairau and Awatere

43
Q

Describe Wairau

A

It’s the larger of the two estuary’s in Marlborough.
Climate similar to Martinborough, long sunny days,
Large valley, un-uniform;
number of side valley on south that give producers range of aspects and altitudes to work with
More tropical fruit flavours than Awatere

44
Q

Describe Awatere

A

Smaller of the two estuary’s in Marlborough
Drier, cooler, windier,
SB’s have higher acidity; pronounced herbaceous characters;
lack tropical fruit found in Wairau

45
Q

What are the main varieties planted in Marlborough

A

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

Still and sparkling

46
Q

What are still PN’s from Marlborough like?

A

Medium-bodied
Fine tannins
Cherry and cranberry

Wines are getting better as producers give more attention to variety

47
Q

Where is Nelson and what is grown there?

A

North-west of the Wairau Valley, north coast of SI

Cooler and wetter than Marlborough

Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris

48
Q

What are the two main centres of viticulture in Canterbury, NZ

A

• Larger Waipara Valley to the north of Christchurch
o Impact of warm winds is more marked in Waipara;
o Less exposed to ocean due to range of hills
• Other in the plain immediately to the west of the town of Christchurch
o Exposed to cooling influence of Pacific,
o Slight warming effect from north-westerly winds

49
Q

What are the most planted varieties in Canterbury?

A

Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir

High quality Riesling in Waipara

50
Q

Where is Central Otago located?

A

Inland in foothills of the Southern New Zealand Alps

51
Q

What is the vineyard area like in Central Otago?

A

Spread over wide area; incorporates number of different valleys; different aspects, soils and altitudes

52
Q

What is the climate in Central Otago?

A

Continental

contrasts the rest of NZ

53
Q

What is the weather like in Central Otago?

A 
Warm summers; 
spring and autumn frosts;
diurnal range in growing season large; 
good for grapes quality; 
high sunlight intensity;
accounts for high levels of alcohol that are often encountered in wines from here
54
Q

What are the main plantings in Central Otago?

A

Pinot Noir: full-bodied, juicy, vibrant, concentrated ripe red fruit

Also Pinot Gris, Riesling, Chardonnay

WSET Level 3 RLM (7 decks)

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