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TL- New Zealand > New Zealand > Flashcards

New Zealand Flashcards

1
Q

Who first planted vines on the North Island? In what yeat

A

1819, Christian missionary

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2
Q

When does actually wine production begin in NZ

A

1830’s with James Busby a british minister, he planted a small vineyard from french and spanish cutting in the Northland

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3
Q

Who is Romeo Bragato

A
  • An Austrian viticulturist from Victoria
  • He was asked to study the nations vineyards and its latest scourge phylloxera.
  • He educated many growers on grafting on to American Route Stock
  • He also identified many of NZ most important wine regions (aside from Marlborough)
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4
Q

What was the major downfall of winemaking in NZ in the 1900s and disbanded the Department of Agriculture’s Viticultural Division in 1909

A

Growing Temperance movement

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5
Q

What is 6 o’clock swill

A

A law making all bars close early in NZ and Australia from WWI to 1967 on the North and South Island. Many growers focused on ow quality fruit that could be sold as table grapes

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6
Q

Due to temperance, what variety was NZ most planted grape by the 1960s

A

Albany Surprise

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7
Q

Single bottles of wine began being allowed to be sold in a wine shop in NZ in what year?

A

1955

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8
Q

Restaurants began being able to sell wine in NZ in what year

A

1960

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9
Q

In what year coulda winery being selling a glass of wine

A

1976

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10
Q

What is NZ largest wine making company

A

Montana

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11
Q

Who established Marlborough’s first commercial vintage, in what year?

A

Montana

1973

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12
Q

Who produced NZ first varietal bottling?

What grape?

A

Montana

Gisbourne Chardonnay

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13
Q

What producer put Marlbororgh SB on the map?

What was their first vintage?

A

Cloudy Bay Vineyards,

1985

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14
Q

Where are you most likely to find sparkling wine of good quality in NZ?

A

Marlborogh

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15
Q

Put NZ 5 most planted grape varieties in order from most planted to least

A 
SB
PN
Chard
Pinot Gris
Merlot
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16
Q

Who is the worlds Easternmost and Southernmost winemaking country?

A

New Zealand

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17
Q

The North Island is at the same latitude as what?

A

Tasmania

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18
Q

What provides a rain shadow for the South Island?

A

The Southern Alps, which block rain coming of the Tasman Sea moving from the West to the East

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19
Q

Which of the two islands is rainier

A

The north Island, less mountainous too

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20
Q

What is the southernmost wine region in the world?

A

Central Otago

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21
Q

NZ vineyards are generally planted on what?

A

Flat expanses, usually within 20 miles of the Eastern Coast

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22
Q

NZ has very little land to spare, so what is uncommon

A

Bulk wine, there is no equivalent to California’s Central Valley or Australia;s Riverland

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23
Q

What country commands the highest average price per bottle?

A

New Zealand

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24
Q

All NZ producers belong to what organization?

A

New Zealand Winegrowers

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25
Q

What year was New Zealand Winegrowers formed?

A

2002

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26
Q

The New Zealand Winegrowers was a joint initiative between what two groups?

A

Grape Growers Council x New Zealand Wine Institute

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27
Q

In what year did a group of NZ producers pioneer the Screwcap Initiative, even for ultra-premium bottling?

A

2001

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28
Q

Who was the first winery to release a NZ wine under screw cap?

A

Kim Crawford in Marlborough

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29
Q

What percentage of NZ wines are released with screw caps?

A

85%

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30
Q

Name the major wine regions of the North Island

A 
Northland
Auckland
Waikato
Bay Of Plenty
Gisbourne
Hawkes Bay
Wairarapa
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31
Q

Name the major regions of the South Island

A

Nelson
Marlborough
Canterbury
Central Otago

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32
Q

NZ wines must be min. what percentage of a stated variety or vintage?

A

85%

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33
Q

What is optional for printing on a NZ bottle of wine label

A

Vintage and Varietal

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34
Q 
Which of these are governed by law in NZ?
Acidification
Pruning
Yields
Irrigation techniques
A

None of them

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35
Q

Name 4 techniques in winemaking that are not governed by law in NZ

A

Acidification
Pruning
Yields
Irrigation techniques

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36
Q

What is NZ smallest area of production?

A

The Northisland, less than 1% of productions

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37
Q

What 3 grapes lead in planting in Auckland?

A

Chardonnay, Merlot and CS

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38
Q

Who now owns Montana winery?

A

Pernod Ricard

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39
Q

What are the three main viticultural hazards in the Northern part of the North Island

A

Rot & Frost

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40
Q

Name one un-official subregion of Auckland

A

Waiheke Island

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41
Q

What three subregions of the North Island is the bulk of production concentrated in?

A

Central and Southern Region of Gisbourne, Hawkes Bay and Wairarapa

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42
Q

What subregion has the driest climate in the North Island

A

Hawkes Bay

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43
Q

What are the most planted varieties in Hawkes Bay

A

SB & Chard (Though, they are the largest producer of red in NZ with Merlot dominating red plantings)

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44
Q

Who is NZ largest producer of red wines?

A

Hawkes Bay (merlot dominates)

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45
Q

What should you assosiacte with Gimblett Gravels

A

Areas of deep shingle soils with a great reputation for Syrah and Bordeaux blends

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46
Q

Name one subregion of Hawkes Bay, what grapes are they known for?

A

Ngatarawa ( Known for Merlot)
Esk Valley
Dartmoor Valley

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47
Q

Why is Hawkes Bay slated to have many diverse subregions?

A

Range of altitudes

Diverse and complex soil patters from Greywacke gravel to Heavey Silt to Sandy Loam

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48
Q

Gisbourne is also known as what?

A

Poverty Bay

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49
Q

Nelson is known for being the most of what two things?

A

Sunny and Rainyest of the south Island, funny enough

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50
Q

80% of Nelson is comprised of what plantings?

A

Chard, SB, Riesling, PN

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51
Q

What is the South Island’s smallest subregion

A

Nelson

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52
Q

Who controls nearly 2/3 of Marlborogh’s vineyards?

A

Montana

53
Q

In 1988 who did Montana join in partnership with to make sparkling wine?

A

Deutz

54
Q

What subregion produces half of NZ wine

A

Marlborough’s

55
Q

What are the three major subregions of Marlborough

A

N-Wairau Valley
Central- Southern Valleys
S-Awatere Valley

56
Q

What is the main soil type of Marlborough?

A

Sandy, alluvial loam topsoil over gravel, providing great drainage and limiting vine vigor

57
Q

Where would you find the subregion of Waipara

A

Canterbury

58
Q

What is NZ latest growing wineregion?

A

Canterbury

59
Q

What are the major varieties planted in Canterbury

A

PN, Riesling, Chardonnay and SB

60
Q

What wine growing region is the highest in alitude in NZ

A

Central Otago

61
Q

Where would you find Pinot Noir taking center stage in NZ?

A

Central Otago

62
Q

What is the worlds southernmost wine region?

A

Central Otago

63
Q

Due to the enormous diurnal temperature swings, most producers in Central Otago plant their vines on?

A

Northern Hillside Exposures as opposed to Southern-facing slopes which can get to cool

64
Q

Why is low humidity a bonus in Central Otago

A

Eliminates the threat of rot

65
Q

What is a major viticultural hazard in Central Otago?

A

Spring Frosts, Growers can sometimes not coax any ripeness at all

66
Q

Name three producers of Central Otago Pinot Noir

A

Felton Road
Mt. Difficulty
Rippon

67
Q

Name four subregions of Central Otago

A

Wanaka
Gibbston
Alexandra
Cromwell Basin

68
Q

Where are the first vines in the world to see sun each day located?

A

Gisborn

69
Q

In Gisborn, Chardonnay has replaced what as the most planted variety

A

Muller Thurgau

70
Q

What is Wairapara officially named?

A

Wellington

71
Q

What is the most exported wine in NZ?

A

Montana’s Landauer Sparkling wine

72
Q

Name three producers of Marlborough SB

A

Kim Crawford
Cloudy Bay
Hunter’s

73
Q

In the 1960s what variety and producer hinted at long-term promise for Hawkes Bay?

A

McWilliams Cabernet

74
Q

What two Mntn ranges provide a small rain shadow to Hawkes Bay?

A

The Ruahine and the Kaweka

75
Q

The Rhine and the Kaweka Mountain range provide what to Hawkes bay?

A

Low rainfall and high temperature, perfect for ripening BDX varietals

76
Q

In what NZ region would you find the Giblett Gravels sub region

A

Hawkes Bay

77
Q

What is the moderating river of Giblett Gravels

A

Ngaruroro River

78
Q

Name 3 major subregions of Hawkes Bay

A 
Gimblett Gravels
Ngatarawa ( Known for Merlot)
Esk Valley
Dartmoor Valley
Bridge Pa Triangle
Havelock North Hills
Te Awanga
79
Q

What is the most planted variety in Hawkes Bay?

A

Merlot

80
Q

Where would you find 2/3 of NZ syrah plantings?

A

Hawkes Bay

81
Q

Where would you most likely find PN planted on the North Island

A

Wairapara

82
Q

Where would you find the subregion of Martinborough

A

Wairarapa

83
Q

What is Montana now known as

A

Brancott

84
Q

What are two major moderating rivers of Marlborough?

A

Wairau in the North (Wairau Valley) and Awatare in the South (Awatare Valley)

85
Q

What climactic features make marlborough a good place to grow grapes

A

Unusual combination of long days, cold nights, bright sunshine and dry autumns

86
Q

Where will you find the largest diurnal temperature swings in Marlborough?

A

Awatere Valley

87
Q

Where will bud break begin later, The Awattere Valley or the Wairau Valley Floor

A

Awatere Valley

88
Q

What two mountain ranges are on either side of the Wairau River

A 
Richmond Ranges (West)
Wither Hill Range (East)
89
Q

Where is Waihopai Valley

A

Marlborough

90
Q

What two bays does Marlborough bleed into

A

Cloudy and Clifford’s Bay

91
Q

What seas/ oceans moderate NZ

A

Tasman in the West and Pacific in the East

92
Q

North of highway 63 & 6 in Marlborough the soils are what?

A

Very much younger (Huge Difference in wines) in the South they are much older, but drain poorly and don’t drain properly making poorer wines

93
Q

What protects Waipara from the Easternly winds off of The pacific?

A

The Teviotdale hills

94
Q

Where is Waipara

A

Canterbury

95
Q

What are the soils of Waipara made of?

A

Calcerous loam with clay and limestone

96
Q

Name the 4 major subregions of hawkes bay

A

Gimblett Gravels- deep shingle soils for BDX and Syrah
Pridge Pa
Esk Valley
Dartmoor Valley

97
Q

Bridge Pa is a subregion of where?

A

Hawkes Bay

98
Q

Dartmoor Valley is a subregion of where?

A

Hawkes Bay

99
Q

Gimblett Gravels is a subregion of where and lknown for what?

A

Hawkes bay- Deep shingle soils good for BDX blends and syrah

100
Q

Esk Valley is a subregion of where?

A

Hawkes Bay

101
Q

Gibsbourne AKA

A

Poverty Bay

102
Q

Where are the first vines in the world to see sun every day

A

Gisbourne

103
Q

Most planted variety in Gisbourne

A

Chardonnay

104
Q

Where is the NI driest climate

A

Hawkes Bay

105
Q

Name 3 soil types found in Hawkes Bay

A

Greywacke Gravel, Sandy Loam, Heavy Silt

106
Q

Where would you find Greywacke Gravel

A

Hawkes Bay

107
Q

Wairarapara is officially known as what?

A

Wellington

108
Q

Where is the capitol of NZ and what is it

A

Wairarapara the capitol is Wellington

109
Q

Most important subregion of Wairarapara, what is predominately grown

A

Martibourough- PN & SB

110
Q

Major viticultural concerns for Northland, Auckland and Gisbourne

A

Rot and frost- rainy maritime climate

111
Q

What creates the rain shadow for the South island

A

The Southern Alps provide rain shadow from the Tasman Sea (the clouds move W-E)

112
Q

What is unique about Nelsons climate

A

Sunniest wine production region

Also the raniest region on the South Island

113
Q

Marlborough sparkling wine had a major uptick with the joining of what two forcecs

A

Montana X Deutz in 1988

114
Q

Sub regions of Marlborough

A

Wairu Valley
Southern Valleys
Awatare Valley

115
Q

Wairu Valley Is located where?

A

marlborough

116
Q

Southern Valleys Is located where?

A

marlborough

117
Q

Awatare Valley Is located where?

A

marlborough

118
Q

Waipara is located where?

A

Canterbury

119
Q

What is the most important subregion of Canterbury

A

Waipara

120
Q

What is the general soil type of the subregions in Marlborough

A

Sandy Alluvial Loam over Gravel

121
Q

Where would you find the highest altitude vineyards in NZ

A

Central Otago

122
Q

Central Otage Vitivuclutral concerns

A

Spring Frosts

123
Q

Sub Regions of Central Otago

A

Wanaka
Gibbston
Alexandra
Cromwell Basin

124
Q

Wanka is a subregion of what?

A

Central Otago

125
Q

Gibbston is a subregion of what?

A

Central Otago

126
Q

Alexandra is a subregion of what?

A

Central OTago

127
Q

Cromwell Basin is a subregion of what?

A

Central Otago

128
Q

Name 3 producers in central otago

A

Felton Road
Mt. Difficulty
Rippon

TL- New Zealand (1 decks)

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